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Genetic Variability, Correlation, Path and Divergence Analysis in Wheat

Z. Akhter
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh, Bangladesh

M. M. Rohman
Scientific Officer
Genetics and Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. A. Hakim
Scientific Officer
Plant Breeding Division, Wheat Research Centre, Dinajpur, Bangladesh

M. Ali
Additional Agricultural Officer
Department of Agricultural Extension, Khamarbari, Dhaka

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Phenotypic and genotypic variances, coefficient of variance, heritability, genetic advances, correlation and path coefficient and divergence analysis were conducted for yield and yield components in 25 genotypes of wheat. High heritability estimates coupled with high genetic advance were observed for 100-grain weight, grain yield/plant, number of grain/spike and plant height. Therefore, these characters were controlled by additive gene action and improvement may be expected by direct section. Yield was positively and significantly correlated with weight of spike. The 100-grain weight, weight of spike and spikelet/plant. High direct effects were contributed by 100-grain weight, number of grain/spike and weight of spike. Further it was observed that, the highest indirect effect contribution was via 100 grain weight by weight of spike and spike length and hence the three characters, weight of spike, 100-grain weight and number grain/spike should be given emphasis while selecting high yielding wheat cultivars. Among 5 clusters, cluster IV contained the maximum number of genotypes. The inter cluster distances were higher than the intra cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different groups. The highest inter-cluster distance were between cluster I and III showing wide diversity among the groups. The highest intra-cluster distance was observed in cluster III and lowest in cluster IV. Weight of spike, spike/plant, 100 grain weight, spike length, grain/spike and days to maturity showed maximum contribution towards total divergence among the genotypes.

Keywords: Genetic variability, Correlation, Path, Divergence, Wheat, Bangladesh

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2001

End Date: 00-00-2002

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

Objective of the study was to identify the genetic variability, correlation and path divergence analysis for simultaneous improvement of wheat

Methodology:

Twenty five wheat genotypes viz. BAW-917, Shatabdi, Protiva, DSN-33, SA-2, BAW-944, Balaka, BAW-897, Barkat, BAW-935, BAW-457, BAW-898, BAW-861, BAW-65, Sonora, Agrahani, Saurav, Pavon, Bulbul, BAW-923, BAW-936, BAW-966, BAW-984, BAW-987 and BAW-986 were grown in a randomized complete block design with three replications at Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during rabi 2001-2002. Each plot was 5 m long rows by keeping 20 cm spacing between rows. About 2.5 cm distance was maintained within the rows. From each plot 10 plants were selected at random for recording data on plant height, days to maturity, spike/plant, spikelet/spike, spike length, wt. of spike, 100 grain wt. harvest index (HI), number of grain/spike and grain yield/plant on whole plot basis. Genotypic and phenotypic variances, coefficient of variance heritability, genetic advance, were conducted according to the method followed by Singh and Chaudhury (1979). Correlation coefficients were calculated as followed by Al-jibouri et. al. (1958), whereas path coefficient analysis was conducted according to Dewey and Lu (1959). Genetic diversity was studied following Malanobsis's (1949) generalized distance (D²) extended by Rao (1952). Clustering of genotypes was done according to Tocher's Method (Rao, 1952) and principal component analysis was done according to (Rao, 1964). All the statistical analysis of divergence was carried out using GENSTAT-5 computer software.

Source of Information: Progress. Agric. 16(1) : 53-59, 2005; ISSN 1017-8139

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Contribution of the characters towards divergence of the genotypes the results of PCA revealed that in vector I (Z₁) the important characters responsible for genetic divergence in the major axis of differentiation were weight of spike (3.148), spike/plant (1.442), 100-grain weight (1.178), spike length (1.053), grain/spike (0.719) and days to maturity (0.359). In vector II (Z₂) which was second axis of differentiation, weight of spike (1.561), 100 grain weight (0.913), spike/plant (0.683), spike length (0.520), grain/spike (0.211) and days to maturity (0.058) were important. The PCA analysis revealed that the vectors (vector I and II) for weigh of spike, spike/plant, 100 grain weight, spike length, grain/spike and days to maturity were positive. Such results indicated that those six characters contributed maximum towards divergence. The greater divergence in the present materials due to these six characters will offer a good scope for improvement of yield through rational selection of parents for producing heterotic wheat hybrid.

Knowledge Management: Journal