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Seasonal Variation of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi Colonization with Some Medicinal Plant Species of Chittagong Bcsir Forest

Milton Halder
BCSIR Laboratories Chittagong, Chittagong Cantonment-4220, Bangladesh.

Samina Akhter
BCSIR Laboratories Chittagong, Chittagong Cantonment-4220, Bangladesh.

Saiful Islam
BCSIR Laboratories Chittagong, Chittagong Cantonment-4220, Bangladesh.

Rezaul Karim
Institute of Food Science and Technology, BCSIR, Dhaka-1205, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of seasonality on mycorrhizal colonization characteristics as hyphal, vesicular and arbuscular colonization with some medicinal plants species of Chittagong BCSIR forest of Bangladesh. Ten highly valued medicinal plants were selected randomly from Chittagong BCSIR forest to conduct the research. Root samples were collected and examined to determine fungal colonization in three times (Dry, Rainy and Winter) during the year in 2014. The result revealed that the medicinal plants of BCSIR forest were mycorrhizal. The highest hyphal colonization was obtained during rainy season of the corresponding year but decreased during dry and winter season. Vesicular colonization was attenuated during rainy season but increased in dry and winter season but arbuscular colonization was higher proportion in rainy an winter season whereas arbuscular colonization reduced in dry season. This result indicates that AMF colonization varies seasonally as well as depending on some factors like as climate, edaphic, plant host relationship and species diversity.

Keywords: Arbuscular mycorrhiza, Mycorrhizal fungi, Medicinal plant, Seasonal variation

Location: Chittagong BCSIR forest of Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Medicinal Plants

Objectives:

To evaluate the effects of seasonality on mycorrhizal colonization characteristics as hyphal, vesicular and arbuscular colonization with some medicinal plants species of Chittagong BCSIR forest of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Chittagong BCSIR laboratory is a government research organization under the Ministry of Science and Technology, People’s Republic of Bangladesh. BCSIR forest is the reserve forest as specialized for research on medicinal and aromatic plants. It is situated at 22°24'35.4''N 91°49'00.6''E in the south-eastern part of Bangladesh, with an area of approximately 100 acres. More than 1600 species of medicinal plants are being grown in the campus (Anonymous, 2014). Roots samples of the plants were collected during the year of 2014 but the whole year was divided into three seasons as Dry (April-May, average rainfall about 147.4 to 298.6 mm), Rainy (July-August, average rainfall about 727.0 to 530.6 mm) and winter (December-January, average rainfall about 11.9 to 25.18 mm) as well as samples were collected respectively. List of various medicinal plant species selected randomly were included in this study. Roots were separated from the soil, washed in the tap water and preserved in 50% ethyl alcohol for future use. Roots were washed well to remove the alcohol and chopped into 1cm pieces. Clean root samples were stained by following procedures. Preserved roots were heated in 10% KOH solution for 10 min at 80-85°C and deeply pigmented roots were treated in 3% H₂O₂ at room temperature for overnight. Roots treated with 3% H₂O₂ were acidified in 1% HCl solution for 30 minutes and heated at 80-85°C for 15-20 minutes with 0.05% aniline blue solution. Stained roots were destained in 50% glycerol solution to remove excess stains and preserved in 50% glycerol solution. A total of 25 segments of the roots were mounted on the microscopic slides with 50% glycerol and smashed softly after placing a cover glass on the root pieces. Roots segments were observed by a compound microscope at 40×10 magnification. Percent root colonization was calculated. Presence of mycelium was regarded as the AM positive and total mycelial colonization was treated as the percentage root colonization. The intensity of AM structures i.e. mycelial, vesicular and arbuscular colonization were recorded and calculated percent hyphal colonization, percent vesicles colonization, and percent arbuscules colonization. Soils samples were collected from studied medicinal plants cultivation area to determine the soil chemical properties as three times of in the corresponding tenure. Three replicated samples were studied for analyzing the soil chemical characteristics. Soil pH (soil: water = 1:2.5) and EC (soil: water =1:2.5) available P, K, SOM, and S and soil moisture content were determined by using different prescribe method. Statistical analyzes were accomplished using MS Excel 2007 software. The MS Excel 2007 software was used for calculating mean value (n=3) and standard deviations.

Source of Information: Plant Science Today (2015) 2(3): 87-92, ISSN: 2348-1900

Article Link (Online Journal): http://dx.doi.org/10.14719/pst.2015.2.3.121

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The result revealed that the medicinal plants of BCSIR forest were mycorrhizal. The highest hyphal colonization was obtained during rainy season of the corresponding year but decreased during dry and winter season. Vesicular colonization was attenuated during rainy season but increased in dry and winter season but arbuscular colonization was higher proportion in rainy an winter season whereas arbuscular colonization reduced in dry season. This result indicated that AMF colonization varies seasonally as well as depending on some factors like as climate, edaphic, plant host relationship and species diversity.

Knowledge Management: Journal