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Chitosan Ameliorates Growth and Biochemical Attributes in Mungbean Varieties Under Saline Condition

Shuma Rani Ray
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Muhammad Javidul Haque Bhuiyan
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Mohammad Anowar Hossain
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Ahmed Khairul Hasan
Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Shayla Sharmin
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of chitosan on the morphological, biochemical parameters of four Mungbean varieties (BARI Mung3, BARI Mung6, BINA Mung5 and BINA Mung8) under salinity condition. Each pot having eight kilograms of soil was prepared to grow three plants of each variety. The experiment comprised with four different conditions in triplicates viz. control, saline (40 mM NaCl, 25 days after sowing- DAS), saline plus chitosan (25 ppm chitosan, 30DAS on saline condition) and chitosan (25 ppm chitosan on control condition). Seed collections followed by data analysis were done. Proline content was measured accordingly. Salinity caused reduction in all growth and yield contributing attributes compared to control groups of all four varieties. Proline accumulation was enhanced due to saline condition, and this accumulation was not enhanced by application of chitosan. However, application of chitosan played as an outstanding stimulating role in all morphological parameters like number of flowers plant^-1, number of pods plant^-1, number of seeds pod^-1 and thousand seeds weight under salinity stress.

Keywords: Salinity, Chitosan, Proline, Mungbean

Location: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Start Date: 00-01-2015

End Date: 00-06-2015

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mungbean

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of chitosan on the morphological, biochemical parameters of four Mungbean varieties (BARI Mung3, BARI Mung6, BINA Mung5 and BINA Mung8) under salinity condition.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the laboratory of the department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from January to June, 2015. Seeds of four Mungbean varieties were collected from Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur and Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA), BAU, Mymensingh. The collected seeds were stored in a refrigerator (at - 18 ºC) till use for experimental purposes. The experiment was comprised with four individual groups for different treatments as: T₀ - control condition was maintained by growing plants under natural environment only applying normal water and normal doses of fertilizers. T₁ - 40mM saline condition was induced by applying 20g salt pot^-1 at 25 DAS. T₂- saline+chitosan condition was induce d by applying chitosan (25 ppm chitosan solution pot^-1 ) in the pot containing salt after one week of salt application. T₃- chitosan condition was maintained by applying chitosan (25 ppm chitosan solution pot ^{- 1}) at 30 DAS in control condition.Earthen pots were prepared for seed planting of mungbean varieties (BARI Mung3, BARI Mung6, BINA Mung5 and BINA Mung8). For each variety pots were prepared as triplicates. Thus total 48 (12×4) pots were filled with 8kg soil and then 5 seeds were so wn at 08 April 2015 in each pot. At 18 DAS thinning (keeping 3 plants in each pot) and fertilization (Urea 4g; muriate of potash 2.5g; & boric acid 1.5g) were performed. At 40 DAS, 45 DAS and 50 DAS number of flowers plant^-1 were counted and at 60 DAS number of pods plant^-1 were determined. Then numbers of seeds pod^-1 were counted and thousand seed weight were measured using weighing machine. The fresh leaf sample was collected at the booting stage. Proline content of leaves was determined according to the method developed by Bates et al.. Fifty milligrams of fresh leaf sample was homogenized in a mortar with pestle using 10ml of 3% sul fosalicylic acid. The homogenate was centrifuged and then filtered through Whatman no. 1 filter paper. The extraction procedure was repeated and the two portions of the filtered were taken together. Two milliliter of the filtered was pipette into the test tube and 2ml acid ninhydrin and 2ml glacial acetic acid were added to it and the mixture was shaken well. The test tubes were incubated for one hour at 100 0 C in a hot water bath. After that they were transferred to an ice bath to terminate the reaction. F our milliliter of toluene was added to each of the test tube, and then stirred vigorously for 15 - 20 seconds. The toluene was separated from the aqueous phase and collected carefully. Absorbance of the collected toluene was measured at 520nm in a UV - spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, UV - 1201) against reagent blank. A standard curve was prepared with analytical grade proline and proline contents in sample were calculated by using the standard curve. Each analysis was done in duplicate from fresh leaf sample. Finally, the percentage of proline present in the leaves was expressed as mg/100g fresh leaves.

Source of Information: Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(1): 45-51, April 2016, ISSN: 2409-0603

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ralf.v3i1.27857

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Salinity imposition suppressed the morphological attributes especially vegetation compared to their respective controls. Salinity induces osmotic stress and toxicity which further could interfere with nutrients, signaling processes and related metabolic pathways. However, chitosan application could generate vigorous vegetation like the control. Therefore, it can be concluded from the results that chitosan is an effective bio - stimulator to enhance plant growth, yield and plant tolerance to oxidative stress under salinity stress and could overcome severe stress by scavenging of ROS through induction of enzyme activities.

Knowledge Management: Journal