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Effect of Feeding Intervention on Milk Production Performance of Crossbred Cows in Different Seasons of Bangladesh

TU Ahmed
National Agriculture and Technology Project (NATP), Department of Livestock Services (DLS), Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock (MoFL), Bangladesh.

ABM Khaleduzzaman
Animal Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Livestock Services (DLS), Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock (MoFL), Khamarbari Sarak, Farmgate, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh.

MA Akbar
Department of Animal Nutrition, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh.

M Shamsuddin
Department of Surgery and Obstetrics, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The study was conducted with 200 dairy cows mostly the crosses between Local and Holstein Friesian (LxF), Local and Sahiwal (LxSL) and also between Local, Holstein Friesian and Sahiwal (LxFxSL) to improve milk production performance through nutritional interventions. Rice straw based feeding intervention was composed mainly of Urea Molasses Straw (UMS) without green forage in monsoon, reduced quantities of legume forage in winter and increased amount of non-legume forage in summer. Feeding UMS instead of rice straw increased DCP and ME intake and slightly increased feed cost in monsoon. In winter, legume forage supply was curtailed over that supplied traditionally and rice straw was increased which reduced DCP and ME intake and also feed cost slightly. The intervention in summer season was to reduce rice straw and concentrates and to increase the supply of green grass. Results showed that DM, DCP and ME intake were improved in summer and feed cost reduced. In all the seasons, the highest milk yield was observed in L×F (P<0.01) followed by L×F×SL and the lowest was in L×SL cows irrespective of feeding intervention. Milk yield increased (P<0.01) in intervened feeding group than that of traditional feeding group irrespective of breed type. Milk fat, SNF and TS percentage was highest in L×SL followed by L×F×SL and the lowest was in L×F cows, irrespective of feeding intervention in all the seasons. Milk fat, SNF and TS percentage were highest in the cows of intervened feeding than that of traditional feeding irrespective of breed. The results of feeding intervention also indicated that genotype affects lactation length and milk yield per lactation irrespective of feeding intervention. Similarly, feeding intervention had significant effect on lactation length and milk yield per lactation irrespective of genotypes of the cows. Intervened feeding described in the present study was found effective for the improvement of nutritional status and productivity of dairy cows in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Crossbred cows, Feeding intervention, Genotypes, Milk composition, Nutrient

Location: Sirajgonj district

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Milk, Cow

Objectives:

To manipulate the existing feeding practice in order to check excess feeding of green forage during its available, balance of nutrients in feeding and to maintain the level of milk production throughout the year in Baghaberighat area.

Methodology:

Baghabarighat milk pocket under Sirajgonj district was selected for the present study. Two hundred crossbred dairy cows were randomly selected from 50 farms and were divided into 2 groups for traditional and intervened feeding. Average age of the animals was 5 years and milk production level ranged from 6 to 8 liters. Animals are mostly the crosses between Local and Holstein Friesian (LxF), Local and Sahiwal (LxSL) and also between Local, Holstein Friesian and Sahiwal (LxFxSL). Total dry matter (DM), digestible crude protein (DCP) and metabolizable energy (ME) of the animals were calculated based on ARC (1980). In monsoon, usual feeding practice was to supply concentrates and rice straw only where concentrate mixture was prepared by wheat bran (Triticum aestivum), pea bran (Pisum sativum), chola bran (Cicar ariatenum) and sesame oil cake (Sesamum indicum) at a ratio of 50:20:15:15. Feeding intervention was carried out to correct the nutrient deficiency or excess based on the comparison of ARC (1980) standard. Data on feed intake and milk yield for the cows in each farm were recorded at weekly interval. Daily feed intake was quantified by taking weight of each of the feed items separately before supplying to animals and also of the left over, if any, after 24 hours. Cut and carry grasses were weighed directly before supplying to animals. The quantity of grasses available from the grazing land was estimated from a 1×1 meter patch marked at different locations of the grazing land. Then the animals were allowed to graze and after grazing, the remaining grass that was refused by the cattle was harvested and measured. The total intake of grass was determined by subtracting from the estimated grass of the grazing land. Milk samples were collected in a plastic pot with identifying marks and transferred to the laboratory for analysis of chemical composition. Lactation length was recorded in days from the day of yielding first milk to the last day of milking, for each individual cow in each farm. Milk yield of the individual cow and total milk yield per lactation per cow in each farm was recorded. The cost of feed was calculated based on the local price of feed ingredients in local currency (Tk) during the experimental period and expressed per cow per day. Income of the farm was calculated based on the monetary benefit earned from selling of additional milk produced due to feeding intervention. In addition to that, savings of feed cost during different seasons were also considered as benefit. To find out the net benefit of the farm, additional labor cost for intervention feeding was deducted from the gross income. Fat contents of milk samples were determined by Gerbar method. A lactometer was used to measure the corrected lactometer reading (CLR) of milk samples. Lactometer reading (LR) of the milk was taken and CLR was determined for recording density of milk samples. Solids-not-fat (SNF) was determined using the formula. Total solids (TS) were determined by adding Fat% with SNF%. The data of feed and nutrient intake and cost of feeding were analyzed following paired t-test to determine the level of significance. Effect of breed and feed and their interaction on milk yield and composition were analyzed to compute ANOVA in 2×3 factorial experiments in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) using MSTAT statistical programme. Treatment sum of squares are partitioned into three components such as main effects of feeding systems and breeds and their interaction effects.

Source of Information: International Journal of Agriculture and Biosciences, 2(2): 45-52, P-ISSN: 2305-6622 E-ISSN: 2306-3599

Article Link (Online Journal): www.ijagbio.com

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The results of feeding intervention also indicated that genotype affects lactation length and milk yield per lactation irrespective of feeding intervention. Similarly, feeding intervention had significant effect on lactation length and milk yield per lactation irrespective of genotypes of the cows. Intervened feeding described in the present study was found effective for the improvement of nutritional status and productivity of dairy cows in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal