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In Vitro Organogenesis of Colocasia Esculenta Cv. Antiquorum L.

Md. Jahangir Hossain
Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

In vitro organogenesis of an upland species of Colocasia esculenta cv. antiquorum L. was examined in relation to different explants like meristem and parenchymatous storage tissues with or without anthocyanin layer, four levels of each of Kn, 2, 4-D, NAA and BAP and four incubation environments such as: 1) 16 h 3 Kl light intensity + 24°C ± 2°C; 2) 24 h dark + 24°C ± 2°C; 3) 24 h dark + 30°C ± 3°C and 4) 12 h diffuse light + 30°C ± 3°C. Only meristems showed proliferation with various degree of intensity both at 16 h 3 Kl light + 24°C ± 2°C and 24 h dark + 24°C ± 2°C conditions and poor response with different levels of Kn + NAA either in light or in the dark. Cultures with NAA + BAP were proliferated very quickly with very high degree of intensity. The cultures under dark did not proliferate for 20 days which upon transfer to light showed high degree of proliferation. Cultures with NAA + BAP formed calluses more pronouncedly at dark than that occurred in the light. Parenchymatous tissues with or without anthocyanin did not proliferate but the tissues with anthocyanin lost pigmentation after 25 - 30 days and turned to grey color after 50 days while tissues without anthocyanin turned to green color with shinny pimples indicating that protocorm may be developed. No culture under high temperature environment (30°C ± 3°C) neither survived nor proliferated. The meristems in culture were died within 15 - 20 days while others within 25 - 30 days. In conclusion, a combination of NAA (0.5 - 3.0 mg/l) and BAP (0.5 - 2.0 mg/l) and an incubation photo period of 16 h coupled with temperature of 24°C ± 2°C were found most suitable for in vitro culture of Colocasia esculenta cv. antiquorum L.

Keywords: Organogenesis, Auxin, Cytokinin, Meristem, Parenchymatous storage Tissue, In vitro

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Aroids

Objectives:

To develop a complete protocol for in vitro development of Colocasia esculenta cv. antiquorum L. covering source of explants, culture media and culture environment.

Methodology:

Well sprouted cormels of a upland taro sp. Colocasia esculenta cv. antiquorum L. were used. Three different parts such as meristem and parenchymatous storage tissues with and without anthocyanin layer were used as explants. The size of the excised meristem varied from 0.5 to 0.8 mm long, while parenchymatous storage tissues were cut into cubes shape weighed to about 300 - 350 mg. The 20 - 30 g weighted cormels were scrabbed with scalpel very carefully to remove the outer layer, keeping the anthocyanin layer almost intact. The explants were first washed with 70% ethanol for three times (10 minutes each time) followed by 10 minutes soaked in 1.5% chlorine water with few drops of tween 20. The explants were then washed with distilled and autoclaved water for five times under clean hood. Organic salts of MS media were used. Four different plant growth regulators each at four different levels such as, auxins: 1) NAA: 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 3.0 mg/l; 2) 2, 4-D: 0.1, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/l and cytokinins; 3) Kn: 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/l; 4) BAP: 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 mg/l were used. Three culture media were prepared combining Kn + NAA, Kn + 2, 4-D and NAA + BAP in all possible ways. There were 17 treatments in each group including the control (without growth regulators). The cultures were incubated in four different environments such as 1) 3.0 Kl light intensity for 16 h and 24°C ± 2°C; 2) 24 h dark and 24°C ± 2°C; 3) 24 h dark and 30°C ± 3°C; 4) 12 h diffuse light and 30°C ± 3°C. Five cultures were included in each replication. The data were analyzed using a CRD and mean separation was done by LSD.

Source of Information: American Journal of Plant Sciences, 2012, 3, 709-713

Article Link (Online Journal): http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ajps.2012.36085

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

A combination of NAA (0.5 - 3.0 mg/l) and BAP (0.5 - 2.0 mg/l) and an incubation photo period of 16 h coupled with temperature of 24°C ± 2°C were found most suitable for in vitro culture of Colocasia esculenta cv. antiquorum L.

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