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Evaluation of Different Substrates Based Trichoderma Harzianum Biofungicides Against Seedling Rot (rhizoctonia Solani) Disease of Cabbage

Md. Iqbal Faruk
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effectiveness of three organic substrates rice bran, wheat bran, grass pea bran and their combinations mixed with or without mustard oilcake (MOC) were tested to formulate Trichoderma harzianum based bio - fungicides for the management of seedling rot disease of cabbage in the seedbed soil under pothouse condition. The seedbed soil was inoculated with pathogen Rhizoctonia solani colonized on barley grain before treatment with T. harzianum based bio - fungicides. T. harzianum based bio - fungicides were effective to red uce pre - emergence and post - emergence mortality of cabbage seedling under R. solani inoculated seedbed condition. Besides, vegetative growth of cabbage seedlings viz. s hoot length, shoot weight, root length and root weight were enhanced significantly by the different substrates based T. harzianum bio - fungicides in R. solani sick seedbed condition. The individual ( rice bran, wheat bran, grass pea bran) and combination of substrates (rice bran + wheat bran, rice bran + mustard oilcake, rice bran + wheat bran + MOC and wheat bran + grass pea bran + MOC) were equally suitable for mass production of effective T. harzianum bio - fungicides for the management of seedling rot disease of cabbage in seedbed condition.

Keywords: Bio - fungicide, Rhizoctonia solani, Cabbage seedling rot, Seedbed

Location: Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur.

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases, Cabbage

Objectives:

To evaluate different organic substrates and their integration to prepare T. harzianum based bio - fungicides for management of seedling disease of cabbage caused by R. solani in seedbed.

Methodology:

Effectiveness of T. harzianum based bio - fungicides multiplied on three substrate materials was evaluated in the present experiment to control seedling rot disease in seedbed. The substrate materials were rice bran, wheat bran, grasspea bran and their combinations mixed with or without mustard oilcake (MOC) were used to prepare the bio - fungicides. The experiment was conducted in a seedbed under nethouse conditions of Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARl), Gazipur during three consecutive years from 2011 - 12 to 2013 - 14. In this experiment barley grains colonized with R . solani were incorporated in the seedbed soils @ 100g/m 2 soil. The pathogen was allowed to colonize the soil in seedbed for 10 days with maintenance soil moisture. Seventy two isolates of T. harzianum were obtained from different location of Bangladesh and their efficacy was tested against different soil borne plant pathogens including R . solani in the laboratory. Few isolates of T. harzianum including TM7 were found more vigorous to suppress the soil borne plant pathogens. A pure culture of T. harzianum (TM7) was grown on in potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium which was used as inocula for preparation bio - fungicides. The treatments in the experiment were T₁ = Rice bran, T₂ = Wheat bran, T₃ = Grasspea bran, T₄ = Rice bran + Wheat bran (1:1), T₅ =Rice bran + Grasspea bran (1:1), T₆ = Rice bran + Mustard oilcake (1:1), T₇ = Rice bran + Wheat bran + MOC (1:1:1), T₈ = Rice bran + Grasspea bran + MOC (1:1:1), T₉ = Wheat bran + Grasspea bran + MOC (1:1:1), T₁₀ = Rice bran + Wheat bran + Grasspea bran+ MOC(1:1:1:1), T₁₁ =Seed treatment with provax and T₁₂ = Control. According to the treatment combinations 600 g of individual or combination of substrate materials were taken separately in 1000 ml Erlenmeyer flask. The flask with substrate materials were sterilized in an autoclave at 121 °C for 15 minutes and cooled down. The sterilized substrate was inoculated individually with 5 mm diameter mycelia disc of five - day old culture of T. harzianum grown on PDA and then incubated at room temperature (25±2 °C) for 15 days. After incubation the colonized substrates were removed from the flasks and air dried and finally preserved in refrigerator at 10 °C. The inoculum of T. harzianum, colonized on different substrates, were incorporated to the previously R . solani inoculated seedbed soils @ 100 g/m 2 soil and kept for 7 days maintaining proper soil moisture to establish T. harzianum in the soils. The control bed did not receive any colonized substrate of T. harzianum except the inoculum of R . solani.The seeds of cabbage var. Atlas were sown in the seedbed @ 200 seeds per treatment . The initial germination of the seeds was 98% as per blotter test result. The percent emergence of the seedling was calculated on the basis of initial germination status of the seeds. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. Proper weeding, irrigation and intercultural operations were done to raise cabbage seedlings in the seedbed. Data were collected on seedling emergence after 15 days of seed sowing. Similarly seedling mortality was recorded at an interval of 7 days starting from seedling emergence and it was continued up to 35 days of seedling age. The height and weight of shoot and length and weight of cabbage seedlings were recorded at 35 days of seedling age. The percent data were converted into arcsine transformation values before statistical analysis. Data were analyzed statistically by using the MSTATC program. The treatment effects were compared by applying the least significant different (LSD) test at P=0.05 level.

Source of Information: International Journal of Innovative and Applied Research, Volume 3, Issue (4): 1-9, (2015), ISSN 2348–0319

Article Link (Online Journal): http://journalijiar.com/uploads/2015-05-02_154348_920.pdf

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on findings of the present investigation, it may be concluded that treatment of seedbed soil with T. harzianum based bio - fungicides multiplied on rice bran, wheat bran and grasspea bran alone or in combinations may be practiced to control seedling rot disease of cabbage seedlings caused by R. solani.

Knowledge Management: Journal