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Blumea Lacera Plant Poisoning in Cattle; Epidemiology and Management

Mst. Nusrat Zahan
Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh.

Md. Ahsanur Reza
Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh.

Milton Talukder
Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh.

Mohammad Shaokat Ali
Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Khulshi, Chittagong-4225, Bangladesh.

Tarun Kumar Paul
Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh.

Md. Shafiullah Parvej
Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Plant poisoning in grazing animals is more common in Bangladesh, especially during the scarcity period. The present study was undertaken to find out the epidemiology of Blumea lacera fresh plant poisoning and its management in cattle. A total of 765 suspected clinical cases were examined, of these 48 were diagnosed as Blumea lacera plant poisoning. The poisoning was found more in local cattle (92%) than that of crossbred (8%) cattle. Most of the cases were found in autumn (71%), in compare to summer (23%) and winter (6%). The highest occurrence of poisoning was observed in cattle of 6 months to 2 years of age (57%) in comparison to other age category. Therapeutic response (16%) was found if treatments were given within 4 hours of ingestion of the plant and the effective treatment was a combination of laxative, normal saline, vitamin B₁. Veterinarian can apply this treatment during Blumea lacera poisoning in animals.

Keywords: Blumea lacera, Poisoning, Therapeutic response, Cattle

Location: Upazilla Livestock Hospital, Pirganj, Thakurgaon

Start Date: 00-03-2013

End Date: 00-02-2014

Program Area: Animal Health and Management

Commodity: Medicinal Plants, Cattle

Objectives:

To find out the toxic effects of Blumea lacera plant poisoning, diagnosis and its management in cattle.

Methodology:

The study was conducted at Upazilla Livestock Hospital, Pirganj, Thakurgaon during the period of March 2013 to February 2014 to investigate the occurrence of Blumea lacera plant poisoning in cattle. A total of 765 cattle were examined during the period of study in upazila veterinary hospital, Pirganj. Out of them 48 cattle were suspected as Blumea lacera plant poisoning on the basis of owners complaints, clinical history and clinical signs. Prior to general clinical examinations age, sex, breed, type and owners complaints were recorded in the registered book. Clinical history was taken from the owners or attendants of the animal. History about presence of toxic plant Blumea lacera in the grazing area or feed stuff was taken from owners. Different parts and system of the body of each affected animals were examined by using the procedures of palpation, percussion and auscultation. The Physical conditions of affected animals were observed. Abnormal behaviors, posture and gait were found in most of the animals. The clinical signs of salivation, nasal discharge, distention of abdomen were prevalent. Affected animals were examined for all body functions. Temperature, pulse, respiration, defecation and urination of animals were recorded. The observed clinical signs after ingestion of toxic plant Blumea lacera were- On first day-normal body temperature was observed, animals were in off feeding conditions, defecation was stopped but urination was found normal, abdominal distension was found. On second day- extensive abdominal distension occured, mucus membrane of animals was pale. On third day- feaces in the rectum was found hard in consistency after removal or expulsion of that feaces, clotted dark coffee or black color blood came out through rectums. Common post mortem lesions were, no clotted blood found in heart and blood vessel, liver was fragile in consistency, absence of blood in muscle, subcutaneous tissue and blood vessels were observed but hemorrhage was found in intestinal wall, clotted coffee or dark colored blood was found in abdomen. Forty eight affected cattle were treated with different treatment regimens. Four treatment protocols were applied to treat the cattle. Only normal saline ( Normal Saline NS, Opso Saline Limited, Bangladesh) @ 1000 mL/animal/IV was applied in five animals, Normal saline in combination with vitamin B₁ (THIANOMIN, Rephco Laboratories Limited, Bangladesh) @ 1000 ml + 10 ml /animal/IV was applied on 10 animals, Only 1% Methyline Blue @ 8.8mg / kg body weight/IM was applied in one animal and a combination of laxative (ACME’S MILK OF MEGNESIA, The Acme Laboratories ltd, Bangladesh), Normal Saline, Vitamin B₁ @ 100 ml/animal/orally + 1000 ml/animal/IV + 10 ml/animal/IV was applied in 32 animals. The epidemiological data were analyzed statistically by using Pearson chi square test with SPSS (version 16.0).

Source of Information: Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology, 3(8): 635-638, 2015, ISSN: 2148-127X

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The findings of the present study revealed that Blumea lacera plant is very toxic, causing severe poisoning to animals and in most of the cases affected animals are died even after treatment. High percentages of animals are affected after rainy season due to availability of this plant in the locality after rainy season. No effective treatments have been identified till now that can neutralize the poison after appearance of clinical signs. However, present study suggested that combined treatment with laxative, normal saline and vitamin B₁ is effective, if the treatment is given immediately after ingestion of plant. More research should be performed to find out the active ingredients and toxic part of the the plant Blumea lacera with its toxic dose and to find out effective treatment against the toxicity of this plant in cattle. This study will be helpful for the researchers to provide guideline in carrying out detail study on Blumea lacera plant poisoning in animals.

Knowledge Management: Journal