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Genotype × Environment Interaction and Yield Stability Analysis in Hybrid Rice (oryza Sativa L.) by Ammi Biplot

Anowara Akter
Hybrid Rice Division, BRRI, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

M Jamil Hasan
Hybrid Rice Division, BRRI, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

M U Kulsum
Hybrid Rice Division, BRRI, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

M H Rahman
Hybrid Rice Division, BRRI, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

A K Paul
Hybrid Rice Division, BRRI, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

L F Lipi
Hybrid Rice Division, BRRI, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Salma Akter
Plant Physiology Division, BRRI, Gazipur, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Assessing the adaptability and stability of promising rice genotypes is one of the important steps for accurate evaluation. This study determined the genotype × environment interaction (GEI) and stability performance of 12 promising rice genotypes in four environments during 2009 Aman season. The experiment used randomized complete block design with three replications. Yield stability and adaptability of yield performance were analyzed by combined analysis and additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) model. The environment, genotype main effects, and the GEI were all highly significant (P<0.001). The study indicated that the tested genotypes, such as BRRHA G1 (5.47 tha^-1), G2 (5.68 tha^-1), G3 (6.29 tha^-1) and G4 (5.27 tha^-1) had higher average yields, which indicated these genotypes adapted to favourable environments (E1 and E3). Whereas the environment, E3 could be regarded as a more stable site for high yielding hybrid rice improvement than the other locations. Based on AMMI biplot analysis, genotypes BRRI1A/BRRI827R (G1), IR58025A/BRRI10R (G2), BRRI 10A/BRRI 10R (G3) and BRRI hybrid dhan1 (G4) have higher average mean yields with high main (additive) effects and positive IPCA1 score, among them BRRI 10A/BRRI10R (G3) being the overall best. Locations E1 and E3 could be regarded as a good selection site for rice hybrid improvement due to stable yields.

Keywords: G × E interaction, Stability, AMMI analysis, Hybrid rice

Location: Gazipur, Jamalpur, Bhanga and Rajshahi districts.

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2009

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To identify high yielding stable promising hybrids and to determine the variations about locations by AMMI model.

Methodology:

Experimental design and plant materials: The experiments were conducted at four districts (environments) namely Gazipur (E1), Jamalpur (E2), Bhanga (E3) and Rajshahi (E4) representing four different agro - ecological zones (AEZ) of Bangladesh during T. Aman season 2009. Twelve genotypes consisting of three advanced lines ( BRRI1A/BRRI827R (G1), IR58025A/BRRI10R (G2) and BRRI 10A/BRRI10R (G3) , six released hybrids (BRRI hybrid dhan1 (G4), Tea (G5), Mayna (G6), Richer (G7), Heera - 2 (G8) and Heeta 99 - 5 (G9) and three inbreed check varieties (BRRI dhan31) (G10), BRRI dhan33 (G11) and BRRI dhan39 (G12) were used. The experiments were carried using the randomized complete block design (RCBD), with three replications. Twenty - one - day - old seedlings were transplanted in 20 square meter plot using single seedling per hill at a spacing of 20 cm × 15 cm. Fertilizers were applied at 150:100:70:60:10 kg ha^-1 of urea, TSP, MP, gypsum and ZnSO₄ respectively. Standard agronomic practices were followed and plant protection measures were taken as required following the recommendation of Adhunik dhaner chash, BRRI. Two border rows were maintained to minimize the border effects. The grain yield (t ha^-1 ) data were collected at 14% moisture level. Data were collected followed by standard method as described.The combined analysis of variance was proceeded to look at G × E and stability of the genotypes across all environments. The AMMI model, which combines standard analysis of variance with PC analysis, was used to investigate of G × E int eraction. In AMMI model the contribution of each genotype and each environment to the GEI is assessed by use of the biplot graph display in which yield means are plotted against the scores of the IPCA1. Biplot analysis is the most powerful interpretive tool of AMMI models. Biplots are graphs where aspects of both genotypes and environments are plotted on the same axis so the inter - relationships can be visualised. There are two basic AMMI biplots, the AMMI1 biplot where the main effects (genotype mean and environments) are plotted against each other and the AMMI2 biplot where scores for IPCA 1 an d IPCA 2 are plotted.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice j. 19(2): 79-86, 2015, ISSN: 1025-7330

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v19i2.28168

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

AMMI statistical model could be a great tool to select the most suitable and stable high yielding hybrids for specific as well as for diverse environments. As a result, almost all of the evaluated genotypes were affected by the genotype × environment inter action effects, so that no genotype had superior performance in all environments. Thus the highly significant G × E effects suggest that genotypes may be selected for adaptation to specific environments. In the present study, the mean grain yield value of genotypes averaged over environments indicated that G3 had the highest (6.29 tha^-1 ) and G12 the lowest yield (3.84 tha^-1 ), respectively. It is noted that the variety G3 showed higher grain yield than all other varieties over all the environments. The genotypes (G1), (G2), (G3) and (G4) were hardly affected by the G × E interaction and thus would perform well across a wide range of environments. Most of the genotypes showed environment specificity. The biplots also indicated the stability levels of the cultivars and the environment. AMMI biplots are necessary in describing the test sites and the genotype performance across tests sites. In this study, the AMMI biplot model classified the testing environments into three sections. Accordingly, four of the tested genotypes (G1, G2, G3 and G4) were found to be the best for environments E1 and E3 and five genotypes (G7, G9, G10, G11 and G12) were most adapted to environment E4, while the other two genotypes (G5 and G8) were not found best to any of the testing environments.

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