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Rice Response to Nitrogen in Tidal Flooded Non-saline Soil

SMM Islam
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.

A Khatun
Rice Farming Systems Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.

F Rahman
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.

ATM S Hossain
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.

US Naher
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.

MA Saleque
Coordinator for Advanced Studies and Research, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Cultivation of modern varieties (MV) of rice in the coastal non-saline soils of the Asian countries is increasing. Nitrogen (N) deficiency is one of the most nutritional disorders for lowland rice production in Bangladesh. N management recommendation for MV rice in the coastal non-saline soils deserves special attention. A field experiment was conducted for consecutive two years aimed to determine the effect of different nitrogen levels on the yield and nitrogen nutrition of MV rice in coastal non-saline soils of Bangladesh. The field experiment involved five nitrogen levels- 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha^-1 including one N-control in randomized complete block design. The application of 150 kg N ha^-1 gave the highest yield of 6.76 t ha^-1 in 2009 and 6.49 t ha^-1 in 2010, respectively. Total nitrogen uptake at 150 kg N ha^-1 showed 112 and 116 kg ha^-1 in 2009 and 2010, respectively. Results averaged over two years showed agronomic use efficiency and physiological use efficiency of 22 and 47 kg kg^-1 with the application of 150 kg N ha^-1. The apparent recovery efficiency of applied nitrogen (150 kg N ha^-1) had 44 and 50% in 2009 and 2010, respectively.

Keywords: Rice yield, Tidal flooded soil, Nitrogen use efficiency, Nitrogen rate

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Regional Station, Barisal, Bangladesh.

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Rice

Objectives:

To compare the yield and nitrogen nutrition of MV rice in tidal non - saline soils under varying levels of nitrogen application.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the experimental farm of the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute Regional Station, Barisal, Bangladesh in Boro season during 2009 and 2010 located at 22 ° 43 ′ N latitude and 90 °27′ E longitude. The average annual rainfall is 200 mm with more than 80% of it occurring from mid June to the end of September. Mean temperature is the lowest (15°C) in January and the highest (30°C) in May. The soil of the experimental field is clay loam in texture. Initial properties of the surface soil (0 - 15 cm depth) were as follows: pH 6.08, organic carbon 1.2%, available phosphorus (P) 8.7 mg kg^-1 (0.5 M NaCO₃ extracted)and exchangeable potassium (K) 0.26 meq/100 g soil (Neutral 1.0 N NH₄OAc extracted). Treatments consisted of six nitrogen rates : 0, 50, 100, 150, 200 and 250 kg ha^-1 were applied as urea. A flat dose of P, K and S @ 15 - 50 - 10 kg ha^-1 was applied as soil test basis (STB), respectively. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete bl ock design (RCBD) with three replications. Urea was applied in three equal splits i.e. one - third N at basal, one - third N at active tillering stage and one - third N at 5 to7 days before panicle initiation stage of BRRI dhan29. Phosphorous, K and S fertilizers were applied at final land preparation. The unit plot size was 6 m × 3 m. Fifty - four - day - old seedlings using 2 - 3 seedlings hill^-1 were transplanted at 20 cm × 20 cm spacing. All intercultural operations were done as and when required. At maturity, the crop was harvested at 5 m² areas at the centre of each plot for straw and grain yield. The grain yield was adjusted to 14% moisture content and straw yield as oven dry basis. Nitrogen content from plant samples (grain and straw) was determined by micro Kjeldahl method. Means for the treatment effect and coefficient of variance were analyzed using CropStat7.2 software.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice j., 19(2): 62-67, 2015, ISSN: 1025-7330

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v19i2.28166

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The optimum N dose for tidal soils in Boro season might be 150 kg ha^-1 for rice. The application of 150 kg N ha^-1 showed AUE, PUE and RIUE for N as 22.3 and 21.8 kg kg^-1, 51.1 and 43.25 kg kg^-1, 16.59 and 17.90 kg kg^-1 in 2009 and 2010, respectively. However, the economic optimum rate of N for BRRI dhan29 appeared as about 173 kg N ha^-1 averaged over two years. Thus, sufficient N application is one of the strategies to boost straw yield and consequently grain yield in tidal flooded non - saline soil.

Knowledge Management: Journal