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Growth of Wheat (triticumaestivum L.) Under Raised Bed Planting Method in Rice-wheat Cropping System

M I U Mollah
Chief Scientific Officer
Training Division, BRRI, Gazipur 1701.

M S U Bhuiya
Professor
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

M S Hossain
Principal Scientific Officer
Training Division, BRRI, Gazipur 1701.

S M A Hossain
Principal Scientific Officer
Training Division, BRRI, Gazipur 1701.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur during Rabi season 2001-02 and 2002-03 (November to March) to evaluate the effect of raised bed planting method on different crop growth parameters, which influence the wheat productivity. Total tiller production, leaf area index (LAI), dry mater production (DMP), crop growth rate (CGR) and agronomic productivity of wheat under bed planting on 70, 80 and 90 cm wide beds with two and three plant rows bed^-1 and conventional method were investigated. The number of tillers m^-2 in 70 cm beds with both two and three rows were statistically identical to conventional method. Wheat plants grown on narrow beds (70 cm) produced similar LAI to that grown in conventional method but plants in wider beds (80 and 90 cm) had less LAI than that in conventional method. Similarly, DMP and CGR in 70 cm beds were either comparable or higher than conventional method. Grain yield of 70 cm beds were higher than conventional method. Wheat in 70 cm beds increased number of panicles m^-2, number of grains panicle^-1 and 1000-grain weight of wheat.

Keywords: Bed planting, Rice-wheat, Wheat growth

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-11-2001

End Date: 00-03-2003

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Wheat, Planter

Objectives:

To evaluate the effect of bed planting on different crop growth parameters, which influence the agronomic productivity of wheat.

Methodology:

The study was carried out at the Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur during Rabi season 2001-02 and 2002-03 (November to March). The soil of the experimental plot was clay loam with pH6.78. Bed planting in 70, 80 and 90 cm (center- to-center of furrows) wide bed with two and three plant rows bed^-1 along with flat (conventional) planting were tested. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The unit plot size was 24 m². Wheat variety Kanchan was used and seed rate was 120 kg^-1. Raised beds and furrows were made manually by spade following the conventional land preparation in the first year. According to the treatments 70, 80 and 90 cm wide beds were made. The height of beds was 15 cm. In the second year, no new beds were made. The beds of the previous year where wheat followed by direct seeded Aman rice were grown kept as permanent bed. It was repaired before seeding of next year's wheat. Nitrogen, P, K, S and Zn were applied at the rates of 100, 36, 25, 20 and 4 kg ha^-1, respectively. In the first year, two-thirds N and whole P, K, S and Zn fertilizers were applied at final land preparation. The remaining one-third N was top dressed at 20 days after sowing (DAS) at crown root initiation (CRI) i.e. three leaf stage. This was followed by irrigation. For the treatments with bed planting, N was applied on the top of beds only. In the second year, the basal doses of fertilizer were applied at final land preparation in the plots with conventional tillage treatment but in the plots with bed planting treatments, the basal doses were applied before sowing on the top of the beds. Seeds were sown in rows in both bed and conventional methods. For beds, seeds were sown in two and three rows according to the treatments. For conventional method, row-to-row distance was 20 cm. In the row, seeds were sown continuously and covered with soil properly. The dates of sowing were 29 and 20 November in the first and second respectively. Other recommended crop management practices were followed. Tiller number, leaf area index (LAI), dry matter production (DMP) and crop growth rate (CGR) were recorded at 10 day intervals starting from 20 DAS. Three sample areas, one square meter each, were marked by bamboo stick in each plot to count total tiller production and panicle number. To measure LAI, from each plot, plant sample of 0.25 m^-2 were collected from outside the harvest area excluding border plant rows. Whole sample plants were uprooted. Six representative tillers from each sample were removed as sample tillers. Green leaves of sample tillers were removed. The leaf area of sample tillers was measured by using an automatic leaf area meter. Other green leaves from the each sample were removed from the tillers. Then leaves from the sample tillers and leaves from the other tillers of the samples were dried and weighed separately. The LAI was computed by the method. Dry matter production and CGR were measured from the same samples collected for LAI. The plant samples were dried in an oven at 80°C until to reach a constant dry weight. Total dry matter was expressed in gm^-2 and crop growth rate in g day^-1 m^-2. Wheat was harvested on 28 and 21 March in the first and second year, respectively. Grain yield and yield components data were collected at maturity.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J. 19(2): 45-54, 2015

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/brj.v19i2.28164

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In raised bed planting with narrow beds (70 cm), different crop growth parameters such as total tiller production, LAI, DMP and CGR were similar or higher than conventional method at different growth stages of wheat. Agronomic productivity of wheat could be increased by bed planting with 70 cm bed in rice-wheat cropping system.

Knowledge Management: Journal