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Variability, Heritability and Diversity Analysis for Some Morphological Traits in Basmati Rice (oryza Sativa L.) Genotypes

Nadia Akter
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

Mohammad Zahidul Islam
Civil Engineer
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

Tonmoy Chakrabarty
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

Mohammad Khalequzzaman
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present study was conducted at the research farm of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, during July to December (T. Aman season) 2016 to identify potential genotypes and suitable traits of Basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm for breeding programs. Twenty-six genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications. All genotypes exhibited a wide and significant variation for 13 morphological traits. Genotypic and Phenotypic co-efficient of variation were the highest for number of filled grains per panicle and 1000-grain weight. Higher heritability was observed for flag leaf width, plant height, number of filled grains per panicle, 1000- grain weight and yield per hill. Grain yield per hill was positively as well as significantly associated with number of filled grain per panicle and grain length. According to D² cluster analysis, 26 test genotypes were grouped into 5 clusters. Cluster IV was the largest consisting of 8 genotypes. The first two principal components of 13 traits accounted for about 41.06% of the total variation and indicated a wide variation among the genotypes. The selected best traits were the number of filled grains/panicle and 1000- grain weight which showed high heritability and high genetic advance. Therefore, these traits could be used as selection criteria for desired breeding materials. Moreover, the genotypes under cluster I, cluster II and cluster V might be selected for future hybridization programs.

Keywords: Genetic variability; Heritability, Correlation, Path coefficients, Character association, Basmati genotypes, Yield components

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-07-2016

End Date: 00-12-2016

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To assess the genetic variability, heritability, correlation and diversity among yield and its contributing traits in 26 rice germplasm accessions under rainfed ecosystem.

Methodology:

Experimental site, experimental design and plant material The study was conducted at research farm of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, from July to December (T. Aman season), 2016. Geographically, the place is located at about 24.00?N latitude and 90.25?E longitude with an elevation of 8.4 meters from the sea level and is characterized by subtropical climate. The soil of the experimental site was clay loam in texture. The study was laid out as a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Twenty-six Basmati type genotypes were selected from BRRI genebank. Transplantation and management practices Sprouted seeds were sown in the seedbed. Thirty days-old seedlings were transplanted using single seedling per hill. Fertilizers were applied @ 60:20:40:10 kg N: P: K: S per hectare. However, except N, the other fertilizers were applied at final land preparation. Nitrogen was applied in three equal splits, at 15 days after transplanting (DAT), at 35 DAT, and just before flowering. Intercultural operations and pest control measures were done as and when necessary. Data collection Data were collected on flag leaf length (cm), flag leaf width (cm), culm diameter (mm), days to flowering, number of effective tiller, plant height (cm), panicle length (cm), days to maturity, number of filled grains per panicle, grain length (mm), grain breadth (mm), 1000-grain weight (g) and yield per hill (g). Statistical analyses The analysis of variance and comparison of means were performed by Statistix10 software. Diversity analysis, i.e. cluster analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted by GENSTAT software (version 5.5). The genetic parameters, including the genotypic and phenotypic variance, the genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variance, heritability (broad sense), and the expected genetic advance (GA) were calculated using the formula given by Burton and Devane (1953) and Johnson et al., (1955). Genetic advance in percent of mean was calculated by the formula of Comstock et al., (1952). Simple correlations (Pearson) among yield contributing traits and correlation coefficient partitioning into components of direct and indirect effects by path coefficient analysis were accomplished by using R software (version 3.2.1). The genotypic and phenotypic correlations, biplot analysis for the first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) were done using META-R software (version 6.03) (Alvarado et. al., 2015).

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 16(2): 01-14 (2018)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3329/agric.v16i02.40338

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The highest GCV was recorded for number of filled grains per panicle followed by 1000 grain weight and plant height. High heritability associated with high genetic advance was observed in number of filled grains per panicle and 1000 grain weight. Moreover, grain yield had significant correlation with number of filled grains per panicle and grain length. The cluster analysis placed 26 Basmati rice genotypes into five groups. Considering the highest inter cluster distance, parent materials selected from cluster I, cluster II and cluster V might be judicious for crossing purpose.

Knowledge Management: Journal