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Study of Some Physiological Traits and Its Effect on Yield of Rapeseed/mustard Varieties

F. Begum
Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701.

F. Ahmad
Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701.

R. R. Saha
Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701.

M. A. Jahan
Professor
Department of Soil Science, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka 1207,

M. A. Rahman
Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur 1701.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment on rapeseed/mustard varieties was conducted to evaluate physiological traits of the varieties and their influence on yield. BARI Sarisha-10, BARI Sarisha-13, BARI Sarisha-14 and BARI Sarisha-15 were used as test crop in the study. Different physiological parameters like leaf chlorophyll content, leaf nitrogen content, photosynthetic efficiency, days to flowering and crop growth duration of rapeseed/mustard varieties were studied. BARI Sarisha-10, BARI Sarisha-13, BARI Sarisha-14 and BARI Sarisha-15 have been identified as high photosynthetic efficient variety (22 to 26 mmol m^-2S^-1) while Tori-7 was low photosynthetic efficient (13.94 to 15.83mmol m^-2S^-1). BARI Sarisha-14 was short duration (84 days) variety followed by Tori-7 (88 days) while BARI Sarisha-10 had long duration (101 days). Irrespective of the variety, leaf nitrogen content was highest (4.21 to 4.98%) at vegetative stage and the lowest (2.22 to 3.13%) at pod development stage. Among the varieties, BARI Sarisha-15 performed better than others in respect of plant height, leaf chlorophyll content (1.15 to 1.73 g g ^-1 fw), photosynthetic efficiency (20 to 26 mmol m^-2S^-1), number of siliqua plant ^-1(81), number of seed siliqua ^-1 (23) and seed yield (1833 kg ha^-1). On the other hand, Tori-7 showed poor performance in respect of above said physiological parameters along with seed yield (1000 kg ha^-1).

Keywords: Rapeseed, Mustard, Photosynthesis, Dry matter

Location: Central Research Station Joydebpur, Gazipur.

Start Date: 00-00-2007

End Date: 00-00-2008

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Mustard

Objectives:

To evaluate some physiological parameters to examine their effect on the grain yield of some rapeseed/mustard varieties.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Central Research Station Joydebpur, Gazipur, during the Rabi season of 2007-08. Five varieties of rapeseed/mustard Tori-7, BARI Sarisha-10, BARI Sarisha -13, BARI Sarisha -14 and BARI Sarisha-15 were included in this study. The experiment was laid out in a RCB Design with three replications. The unit plot size was 3 m x 5 m. Seeds were sown in line (30 cm apart) on 8^th November, 2007. Fertilizers @ 160-46-120-36-4.5-12 kg ha^-1 NPKSZnB were applied as urea, Triple Super Phosphate (TSP), Muriate of Potash (MOP), Zinc Sulphate and Boric acid. Half of N and all fertilizers were applied as basal. The remaining half of N was applied at vegetative stage. Other intercultural operations like weeding, irrigation, pesticide application were done as and when required. Numbers of leaves, plant height, leaf area and dry mater accumulation were measured at 15 days interval beginning from 15 days after emergence (DAE) up to harvest. Leaf nitrogen, leaf chlorophyll, SPAD value and photosynthetic efficiency were measured at vegetative, flower initiation, 50% flower and pod developing stage. Five plants from each plot were selected and fully expanded youngest leaf (3^rd leaf) of main branch at different growth stages was chosen for the measurement of leaf nitrogen, leaf chlorophyll, SPAD value, photosynthetic rate and transpiration rate. SPAD readings were taken using a hand-held chlorophyll meter. The leaf nitrogen concentration was determined by digesting the samples in sulphuric acid (H₂SO₄) followed by analysis of total N by the Kjeldahl method. Photosynthesis rate and transpiration rate were measured by a portable photosynthesis machine between 11.30 a.m. to 12.30 p.m.To study the growth parameters 5 randomly selected plants of each plot were collected and partitioned into leaf and stem. Leaf area was measured using automatic leaf area meter. Dry weights of leaf and stem were taken after drying the components in an oven at 80°C for 72 hours. LAI, RGR, CGR and NAR were determined using the growth formula. Data on yield and yield components viz. no. siliqua plant^-1 no. of seed siliqua^-1, pod length; 1000-seed weight, and yield per plant were taken at harvest. Ten (10) plants were selected randomly from each plot to collect data on yield components. Yield per plot was also recorded. Collected data were statistically analyzed and mean separation was done by LSD test.

Source of Information: Journal of Experimental Biosciences 6(2): July 2015, ISSN 223-9626 (Online). ISSN 2077-3358 (Print)

Article Link (Online Journal): https://drive.google.com/file/d/0ByW-1TOyPqVNOG5mT000eVZvNlE/view

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It may be concluded that BARI Sarisha-15 performed better in respect of showing longest plants, number of siliqua plant^-1, number of seed siliqua^-1, photosynthetic efficiency, SPAD value and total chlorophyll content which in combination resulted in the higher yield with this variety.

Knowledge Management: Journal