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Effect of Foliar and Soil Application of Nitrogen on the Growth and Yield of Wheat

MS Islam
Soil Resource Development Institute, krishi kamar sarak, Farmgate, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh

H Akter
Soil Resource Development Institute, krishi kamar sarak, Farmgate, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh

S Aktar
Soil Resource Development Institute, krishi kamar sarak, Farmgate, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh

MJ Miah
Soil Resource Development Institute, krishi kamar sarak, Farmgate, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh

M Farazi
Soil Resource Development Institute, krishi kamar sarak, Farmgate, Dhaka 1215, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A pot experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh during the period from November 2013 to March 2014 to examine the effect of nitrogen application methods on the growth and yield of wheat. Two application methods (Foliar spray and soil application) and three varieties viz. Sotabdi, Kanchan and BAW56 were included and experimental test crop. From the study it was found that plant height. Total tillers plant^-1, effect tillers plant^-1, root dry weight plant^-1, grains panicle^-1, 100 grain weight, grain weight plant^-1, straw weight plant^-1, biological yield plant^-1, and harvest index were significantly higher by foliar spray method than the soil application of nitrogen, Higher grain yield (9.01 g plant^-1) was observed by the foliar spray application and lower grain yield was 6.07 g plant^-1 obtained from the soil application. Among 3 varieties Sotabdi was found to be better yielding ability and produced comparatively higher plant height, total tillers plant^-1, effective tillers plant^-1,root dry weight plant^-1, grains panicle^-1, 100 grains weight, grains weight plan^-1, straw weight plant^-1, biological yield plant^-1, in respect of harvest index values. BAW56 was observed as medium performed variety and Kanchan was the least. Regarding interaction effect of the variety Sotabdi also showed the highest plant^-1, total tillers plant^-1, effective tillers plant^-1, root dry weight plant^-1, grains panicle^-1,100 grains weight, grains weight plant^-1, straw weight plant^-1, biological yield plant^-1 and harvest index by foliar spray. The results indicated that all the varieties gave higher grain yields under foliar spray application method.

Keywords: Foliar, Nitrogen, Growth, Wheat

Location: Bangladesh institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-11-2013

End Date: 00-03-2014

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer

Objectives:

1. To study the efficiencies of nitrogen application methods (Soil and foliar application) on the growth and yield of wheat.

2. To explore the varietal influence on the utilization of nitrogen.

Methodology:

Field Experimental field and site: A field experiment was carried out at Bangladesh institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh during the period from November 2013 to march 2014. The experimental site was conducted on a medium high, and loamy textural having pH 6.8 and the site belonging to non calcareous dark grey flood plain soil under Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (AEZ-9).

Test Crop: Sotabdi was developed by BARI and released in 2000. This variety attains a height of 90-

100 cm and it takes 105-112 days to complete life cycle. It takes 69 days to heading and the yield was 3.6-5.0 t/ha. Kanchan was developed by BARI and released in 1983. This variety attains a height of 90- 100 cm and it takes 60-68 days to Heading. It takes 106-112 days to complete its life cycle and in susceptible to leaf rust disease. The yield was 3.5- 4.0t/ha. BAW is a semi dwarf variety. This variety attains a height of 95- 105 cm. Number of tiller per hill is 5-7. Leaves are in green in colour. Flag leaf erect and flat. The yield was 3.5- 4.5t /ha.

Climate: Details of the climatic data during the study period have been recorded.

Treatments: The experiment consists of the following treatments:

A: Methods: 2

I . Foliar spray application of Nitrogen (T₁)

II. Soil application of Nitrogen (T₂)

B. Variety-3

I . Sotabdi coaded as V₁

II. Kanchan coaded as V₂

III. RAW 56 coaded as V₃

Experimental design: The experiment was laid out in 2 factorial RCBD design with five replication. Total number of pot was 30. The area of the pot size was 0.030 m²

Seed sowing: Seeds were sown on 17 November, 2013 and 8 seeds were sown in each pot.

Harvesting: The crop was harvested at full maturity on 1 march 2014

Data collection: The data were collected on the following parameters- Plant height per plant, Total no. of tillers per plant, Effective tiller per plant, Root dry weight per plant, Grains per Panicle, No. of sterile spiklets per panicle, 1000-grain weight, Grain weight per plant, Straw weight per plant, Biological yield per plant and Harvest index.

Statistical analysis: Data were analyzed statistically using analyzed with computer package programme MSTAT and the mean differences were adjudged by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) (Gomez and Gomez, 1984) and ranking was indicated by letters.

Source of Information: Progressive Agriculture 28 (4): 287-294, 2017

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The present study revealed that foliar application of nitrogen method performed better compared to soil application of nitrogen method. Sotabdi produced highest yield among the three varieties under investigation. The variety sotabdi with foliar application of nitrogen gave highest yield in wheat. Therefore it may be concluded that the high yield in wheat could be obtained if variety sotabdi planted of Old Brahmaputra Floodplain.

Knowledge Management: Journal