Agricultural Research Management Information System

Home
Research Summary
Search
About Us
- ARMIS
- Brochure
Contact Us
Report
User Request
Data Input
Help
- Operation Manual
  - PDF
  - Video
- Program Area & Commodity
We have reached 37600 number of research entries at this moment.

- Logout

Research Detail

Home
Research
Detail

Efficacy of Trichoderma Against Colletotrichum Capsici Causing Fruit Rot Due to Anthracnose of Chilli (capsicum Annum L.)

M. A. Rahman
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

T. H. Ansari
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

M. F. Alam
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

J. R. Moni
Department of Botany, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi-6205, Bangladesh

M. Ahmed
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Five Trichoderma species/strains, Trichoderma virens IMI-392430, T. pseudokoningii IMI-392431, T. harzianum IMI-392432, T. harzianum IMI-392433 and T. harzianum IMI-392434 were tested against anthracnose and fruit rot of chilli. Effect of Trichoderma species in suppressing anthracnose and fruit rot as well as the growth and yield of chilli were evaluated. Seven treatments consisting of five Trichoderma strains, one Colletotrichum capsici and control were used as seed treatments. Chilli seeds were treated with spore suspension or secondary metabolites of each Trichoderma species/strain and C. capsici separately. Mixture of suspension of each Trichoderma species/strain with C. capsici was also used as spore suspension or secondary metabolites. Percent fruit infection in the control treatment was found almost similar to the treatment that contained T. viridae and T. pseudokoningii spore suspension or secondary metabolites. T. harzianum strains alone suppressed fruit infection (%) significantly. Further all the Trichoderma species/strains reduced the fruit infection (%) than the diseased control even when seeds were treated with Trichoderma separately mixing with C. capsici. Spore suspension of T. harzianum IMI-392433 was found much more effective against C. capsici which suppressed 95.8% and 79.6 % fruit infection respectively under natural (without C. capsici) and high inoculum pressure of C. capsici. All the tested Trichoderma species/strains showed higher plant growth and increased fruit yield irrespective of rest of the treatments. It was found that Trichoderma strains control chilli fruit rot significantly but high inoculum pressure of C. capsici reduced fruit yield drastically. Among the treatments, spore suspension of T. harzianum IMI-392433 increased the fruit yield 83.6% and 76.5% per plant compared to spore suspension of C. capsici and control treatments, respectively. These results implied that T. harzianum IMI-392433 can effectively control fruit rot of chilli caused by capsici through host resistance and antifungal metabolite activity. The fruit yield was increased due to the influence of T. harzianum IMI-392433 on vigorous physiological growth of plants as well as efficacy against the disease.

Keywords: Anthracnose, Fruit rot, Biological control, Chilli, Trichoderma. phytohormon

Location: Botanical Garden of Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

In this study investigated the effect of Trichoderma strains to control anthracnose and fruit rot of chilli under low and high inoculum pressure of C. capsici. The growth and yield of chilli was also evaluated to elucidate the influence of Trichoderma against fruit rot of chilli.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Botanical Garden of Rajshahi University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh in pot culture condition. The efficacy of Trichoderma species in controlling chilli fruit rot due to anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum capsici was evaluated and the growth and yield of chilli was also investigated. Sterilization of soil - Soil was collected from the research field of Rajshahi University campus and sterilized with formaldehyde (formalin: water; 1:50 v/v) and covered with polythene sheet for 24 hours. Then the soil was allowed to dry for disappearance of formaldehyde odor. After 30 days of sterilization, soil was put in the earthen pot (30 × 20 cm). To allow flowing of excess water, 2 cm hole was made from the bottom of the pot. Seed collection - Chilli variety “Bogra local” was collected from Spices Research Centre, Bogra, Bangladesh. Disease free healthy seeds were selected for use in this experiment. Treatments and data analysis - Five Trichoderma species/strains and one virulent isolate of C. capsici were used in this experiment. Trichoderma species/strains were T. virens IMI-392430, T. pseudokoningii IMI- 392431, T. harzianum IMI-392432, T. harzianum IMI-392433, T. harzianum IMI- 392434. Chilli plants were inoculated with C. capsici (4×10⁵ spores/ml) and Trichoderma species/strains (5×10⁵ spores/ml) in different suspension forms keeping one control (no treatment). Both Trichoderma species/strains and C. capsici were applied or inoculated separately as spore suspension and secondary metabolites. Moreover, spore suspension mixtures and secondary metabolites suspension mixtures of each Trichoderma species/strains with C. capsici were also applied as different treatment. Therefore, seven treatments, i.e. one C. capsici applied only as spores and secondary metabolites, while five Trichoderma were tested separately as spores, secondary metabolites and mixture of these spores or secondary metabolites with C. capsici in the chilli plant including non- treated one. Three replications of each treatment with factorial design of experiment were followed considering the suspension forms (or treatment types) as main plots and the causal pathogen and Trichoderma in the sub-plots. Statistical analysis was done with the help of computer package program SPSS (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Sampling and data collection - Data on shoot length, number of primary branch, number of secondary branch and number of roots were recorded from 10 plants in each replication. These were measured at 90 days after sowing. Observations were also recorded for number of infected and total fruits per plant, dry fruit weight and yield per plant. Fresh fruit was dried in an oven at 95 °C for two hours first and then 72 hours at 65 °C. Then dry weight was determined using electronic balance. Percentage of infected fruits was calculated through simple arithmetic calculation considering the recorded rotted fruits out of the total fruits observed. The percentage of fruit yield increment was calculated from the difference of fruit yield between a specific treatment and non-treated one. Similar calculation was also done in case of disease increment or decrement.

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 16(2): 75-87 (2018)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3329/agric.v16i02.40345

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above findings and discussion it may be concluded that the number of fruits and yield of chilli can be increased with the application of spore suspension of T. harzianum IMI-392433 which produces vigorous plant growth, increases the number of primary branches, secondary branches and roots. These attributes was due to beneficial effects of T. harzianum IMI-392433 that might be increased nutrient uptake and phytohormonal effect which act as auxin-like analogues at low concentration in chilli plants (Brenner, 1981, Vinale et al., 2008). It may also effectively control fruit rot of chilli caused by C. capsici through inactivation of fungal spores or secondary metabolites as well as host resistance (Di Pietro et al., 1993; Lee et al., 1995; Chet et al., 1997; Vey et al., 2001; Intana, 2003). Therefore, T. harzianum IMI-392433 may be used as an effective bio control agent to control C. capsici that causes fruit rot of chilli in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal