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Yield Performance of T. Aman Rice Varieties Under Different Transplanting Dates

D. Tahsin
Department of Agronomy, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh

S.C. Samanta
Professor
Department of Agronomy, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh

S. Hoshain
Assistant Professor
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.

P. Biswas
Professor
Department of Agronomy, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh

K. Hossen
Assistant Professor
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU), Patuakhali during the Aman Season from July to December 2016 with a view to determining the effect of transplanting dates on yield and yield attributes of different T. Aman rice. The experimental treatments comprised of three transplanting dates viz. 25 July, 10 August and 25 August and four T. Aman rice varieties viz. BR23, BRRI dhan41, BRRI dhan49 and BRRI dhan72. The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with 3 replications. The highest straw yield (7.62 t ha^-1) was found on 25 July transplanting. The grain yield (6.30 t ha^-1), biological yield (13.19 t ha^-1) and harvest index (47.70%) were highest on 25 August transplanting. BRRI dhan49 produced the highest grain yield (6.62 t ha^-1), straw yield (7.84 t ha^-1), biological yield (14.47 t ha^-1) and harvest index (45.70%). Interaction effect showed that the highest grain yield (7.133 t ha^-1), biological yield (14.60 t ha^-1) and harvest index (48.86%) were found from BRRI dhan49 transplanted on 25 August. From the findings of the study it may be stated that BRRI dhan49 gave the highest grain yield and 25 August was the most suitable transplanting date. So, BRRI dhan49 transplanted on 25 August was the most suitable combination in respect of yield and yield attributes of Aman rice under tidal ecosystem.

Keywords: T. aman, Planting date, Yield Non-saline, Tidal wetland

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU), Patuakhali.

Start Date: 00-07-2016

End Date: 00-12-2016

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To determine the appropriate planting time of modern varieties for higher grain yield during T. Aman season in the non-saline tidal wetland situation of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Geographically the experiment site is located at 22?37 latitude and 89?10 E longitude. The area is covered by the Ganges Tidal Flood Plains AEZ 13. The area lies at 0.9 to 2.1 meter above mean sea level. The soil of the selected area was medium high in nature and the soil is silty clay textured. The experimental area is situated in the sub-tropical climatic zone and characterized by heavy rainfall during the months of April-September (Kharif Season). Two sets of experimental treatments were included in the study. Factor A (Date of transplanting): 25 July 2016 (D₁), 10 August 2016 (D₂) and 25 August 2016 (D₃). Factor B (Variety): BR23 (V₁), BRRI dhan41 (V₂), BRRI dhan49 (V₃) and BRRI dhan72 (V₄). The experiment was laid out in a split-plot design with three replications by assigning date of transplanting in the main plot and variety in sub plot at random. All the treatments were randomly allocated in the respective plots. Treatments were replicated thrice. Each replication was divided into 4 unit plots (3 m×2 m) = 6m². Thus the total number of unit plot was 36 (3×4×3). The distances maintained between replications, main plots and sub plots were 1.0 m, 1.0 m and 0.5 m, respectively. The layout of the experiment was done on 22 July 2016. A piece of high land was selected in the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Patuakhali Science and Technology University for raising seedlings. The experimental field was opened on 10 June, 2016 and prepared by country plough. Urea, TSP and MOP fertilizers were applied to each plot as per treatment. The amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, for each unit plot was calculated per hectare basis. The experimental plots were fertilized with urea (150 kg ha^-1), triple super phosphate (100 kg ha^- 1), muriate of potash (80 kg ha^-1). The full dose of triple super phosphate (TSP) was applied at the time of land preparation. Urea 150 kg ha^-1 was applied in 3 equal splits: one-third at the time of land preparation, one-third 30 days and one-third 45 days after transplanting. MOP 80 kg ha^-1 was applied in two equal splits. Half of the amount of MOP was applied at the time of land preparation and remaining half amount 30 days after transplanting. Seedlings were uprooted carefully from the nursery bed. Before uprooting the seedlings, nursery bed was slightly irrigated for easier uprooting. Uprooted seedlings were transplanted in the unit plots on 25 July, 10 August, and 25 August, 2016 respectively maintaining spacing of 20 cm×20 cm at the rate of three to four seedlings per hill. Gap filling was done at each 7 DAT where necessary. Intensive care was taken during the growing period for adequate growth and development of the crops. When 80-90% of the grains became golden yellow, the crop was considered to be matured. The crop was harvested in different days according to maturity of different varieties. Five hills (excluding border hills) were selected randomly from each experimental plot to record necessary data. Selected plants were uprooted and were separately bundled and properly tagged for recording necessary data. An area of 4.8 m² (3×1.6) was selected in the middle portion of each plot to record the yield of grain and straw. The harvested crop of each plot was separately bundled, properly tagged and then brought to the clean threshing floor. The crop was threshed with a pedal thresher. Grains were then sun dried at 14% moisture level and cleaned. Straws were also sun dried properly. Finally straw and grain yield per plot were recorded and converted to t ha^-1. The data on the following parameters were collected: Plant height (cm), Flood water at 2 days interval from transplanting, Leaf area index (LAI) at 50% flowering, Days to first flowering, Days to 50% flowering, Days to maturity, Number of total tiller per hill, Number of effective tillers per hill, Number of non-effective tillers per hill, Panicle length (cm), Number of grains per panicle, Number of sterile spikelet’s per panicle, 1000 grain weight (g), Grain yield (t ha^-1), Straw yield (t ha^-1), Biological yield (t ha^-1) and Harvest index (%). The collected data were compiled and tabulated in proper form and subjected to statistical analysis. Analysis of variance was done following the Split Plot Design technique with the help of MSTAT-C package program developed by Russel (1986) and mean differences were adjudged by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: Int. J. Expt. Agric. 7 (3):1-8 (November 2017)

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Achievement/Findings:

Based on the above results, it may be concluded that almost all of the yield and yield contributing characters of Aman rice performed best under transplanting on 25 August of BRRI dhan 49 variety. So, from the maximum yield point of view the above treatment combination would be the best under tidal ecosystem.

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