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Natural Hazards and Livestock Damage in Bangladesh

Jatish Chandra Biswas
CSO
Soil Science Division, BRRI, Gazipur

Md Mozammel Haque
Senior Scientific Officer
Soil Science Division, BRRI Gazipur-1701

M Maniruzzaman
PSO
IWM, BRRI, Gazipur

M H Ali
Krishi Gobeshona Foundation, BARC Complex, Dhaka Bangladesh

W. Kabir
ED
Krishi Gobeshona Foundation, BARC Complex, Dhaka Bangladesh

N. Kalra
Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Natural hazards are very common in Bangladesh that takes place every year and damages crops, livestock and settlements. Data on livestock population, flood, drought, cyclone, storm/tide, thunderstorm, hailstorm, waterlogging, tornado and economic damages on livestock damages were collected from existing literature for 2009-2014. Hotspots of natural hazards and damaged area coverage were determined based on total score and IDRISI3.2 was used to prepare maps. About 10–32 per cent areas in Bangladesh are moderate to very highly natural hazard prone. Moderate and high drought vulnerabilities were observed in about 14% areas for livestock production. Low and very low flood hazards for livestock could be found in about 22–44 per cent areas. Hotspots for cyclones covered about 17% areas, high and very high storm/tides in about 22% areas and no safe zone against thunderstorm. Hailstorm damages more livestock in North and North-west part of the country covering about 23.8% areas. Moderate damages by tornado are distributed in 84% areas. Waterlogging hotspots are in Southern part of Bangladesh that covers about 7% areas of the country and livestock in about 52% areas suffered from low to moderate waterlogging problems. As a whole, natural hazards mentioned above are responsible for economic loss of 10–3000 million taka (<1–35 million US$) in livestock and 10-1000 million taka (<1–11.8 million US$) in poultry sectors depending on locations of the country. Such loss in livestock sector is like to be increased in future because of climate change impacts indicating that proper shelter and early warning systems must be in place to minimize damages in livestock sector from natural hazards.

Keywords: Cyclone, Flood, Drought, Tornado, Storm/tide, Waterlogging, Hotspots, Economy

Location: Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Center for Geographic Information Services, Department of Livestock Services, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, and Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100 and from existing available literatures

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Cattle

Objectives:

We have delineated vulnerable and hotspots areas so that proper adoption measures can be taken for sustained livestock production in Bangladesh.

Methodology:

Data were collected from Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, Center for Geographic Information Services, Department of Livestock Services, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council, and Bangladesh Delta Plan 2100 and from existing available literatures. Data on ruminant and poultry population and the effects of flood, drought, cyclone, storm/tide, thunderstorm, hailstorm, waterlogging and tornado on livestock damages during 2009-2014 were collected for delineating vulnerable areas (BBS, 2016). Although drought can be existed in pre-monsoon and monsoon season for crop, dry season drought was considered for livestock vulnerability because in dry season upstream flow reduces greatly, generally no effective rainfall takes place surface water sources dried out in many parts of the country. Data on waterlogging for the whole country are not available. We have collected waterlogging data from GED, 2017; BBS, 2016; FAO, 2015; BADC, 2009-2010 and different national daily news papers published in Bangladesh. Hotspots of natural hazards and area coverage were determined based on total score. The lowest score indicate the least vulnerable area. Attribute-wise scoring over different locations of Bangladesh was made based on assign score and delineation maps were prepared using IDRISI3.2. Based on arithmetic mean, maps on economic damages with livestock and poultry were prepared using IDRISI3.2.

Source of Information: Natural Hazards, vol 99(2), 705-714, 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-019-03768-0

Funding Source:

1. Krishi Gobeshona Foundation

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Exposure to natural hazards and its consequences to socio-economic domains play a significant role in Bangladesh. Natural hazards like flood, drought, cyclone, storm/tide, thunderstorm, hailstorm, waterlogging, tornado, etc cause damages livestock almost every year and thus loss could be <2–46.8 million US$ depending on locations of the country. About 10–32 per cent areas in Bangladesh are moderate to very highly natural hazard prone. Waterlogging in Central and Southern part of Bangladesh is aggravating and so does the sufferings of livestock population. As a consequence of climate change impacts, natural hazards are likely to be increased in future. Construction of shelters especially in coastal areas, establishment of flood zone, ensuring feed supply during floods, popularization of irrigated fodder production in drought years and early warning systems could be adopted to minimize damages in livestock sector from natural hazards in future.

Knowledge Management: Journal