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Efficiency of Joining Agronomic and Hereditary Bio-fortification of Rice with Zinc in Bangladesh

F H Khan
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

Jatish C Biswas
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

M R Islam
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

S S Dipti
GQN Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

M M Haque
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

M Iqbal
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

M Akhter
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

H U Ahmed
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiments were conducted in BRRI regional stations Comilla and Rajshahi during Boro 2016-17. Wuxal Zinc and Antracol (zinc containing fungicide) were tested with BRRI dhan58 and BRRI dhan74 (Zn enriched variety) and compared with no spraying conditions. The treatments were assigned in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. Unit plot size was 6-x 5-m. Spraying rate of Wuxal Zinc was 3000 ml ha^-¹ and Antracol at 1.5 kg ha^-1. Two to three 35-40 day-old seedlings were transplanted at 20-x20-cm spacing. The data from the field (yield components) as well as lab analysis (quality parameters) was recorded according to the standard procedures statistically with the software Crop Stat 7.2 version. Higher grain yields were observed in BRRI Comilla than BRRI Rajshahi might be because of greater initial soil fertility in Comilla site. Zinc spraying resulting in 0.87-1.31 t ha^-¹ grain yield increase in Comilla site; but it was 0.12-0.33 t ha^-1 in Rajshahi site. Grain yield increase with Zn spraying was about 2-10% for BRRI dhan58 and about 6-18% for BRRI dhan74 compared to control. In both the location, grain Zn content increased with Wuxal spraying that decreased greatly with polishing. Grain Zn content in brown rice of BRRI dhan58 under control condition was about 17 µg^-¹ that increased to about 19 µg^-1through spraying treatment. Brown rice Zn content with genetically modified BRRI dhan74 varied from 22.02-23.78 µg^-¹ under control condition, which increased to 24.25-25.79 µg^-¹ after Zn spraying. Grain polishing by 9-12% reduced Zn content by about 20-29% indicating that achievement of nutritional target is very much difficult in Bangladesh because in most cases over polishing is done in rice mill.

Keywords: Zn enriched variety, Wuxal Zinc, Antracol, Rice yield.

Location: BRRI regional stations Comilla and Rajshahi

Start Date: 00-11-2016

End Date: 00-04-2017

Program Area: Quality and Nutrition

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To find out the effectiveness of combining agronomic and genetic bio-fortification of Zn content in rice grains grown under two ecological conditions of Bangladesh.

Methodology:

The experiments were conducted in BRRI regional stations Comilla and Rajshahi during Boro 2016-17. Wuxal Zinc and Antracol (zinc containing fungicide) were tested with BRRI dhan58 and BRRI dhan74 (Zn enriched variety) and compared with no spraying conditions. The treatments were assigned in a factorial randomized complete block design with three replications. Unit plot size was 6-x 5-m. Spraying rate of Wuxal Zinc was 3000 ml ha^-¹ and Antracol at 1.5 kg ha^-1. Two to three 35-40 day-old seedlings were transplanted at 20-x20-cm spacing. No insecticide was used in the field; irrigation and weed control were done when necessary. Soil samples were collected from 0–15 cm, air dried and sieved (<2 mm) followed by analysis for pH (1:2.5 water extraction; glass electrode method) and organic carbon content (Walkley and Black method; Allison 1965). Available S and Zn were determined by extracting 0.16 M calcium dihydrogen phosphate [Ca(H2PO4)₂] solution (Fox, Olson, and Rhoades 1964) and 0.005 M diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA) solution (Olsen and Ellis 1982),respectively. The S and Zn contents in the digested and extracted solutions were quantified using inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrophotometer (GBC model X-100, Australia, Lee et al. 2004). Total N as Micro-Kjeldahl method and exchangeable K as ammonium acetate extraction method were determined. Grain and straw yields and yield components were recorded following standard protocol. Outer husks of unparboiled dried paddy were removed by using a Satake Testing Husker (Model THU-35B, Satake Corporation, Hiroshima, Japan) with rubber rollers coated with polyvinyl chloride compound to avoid mineral contamination. The dehusked brown rice was milled using a Grainman tester mill (Model 60-220-50-DT, Grain Machinery Manufacturing Corporation, Miami,FL, USA). Three different degrees of milling were tested: 0%, 10%, and 12%, where 10% represents well-milled, polished rice. The degree of milling was calculated as the percent of outer milling fraction removed by weight using equation:Milling degree (%) = 100 –[weight of milled rice (grams)/weight of brown rice (grams)] × 100. Primary analysis for these samples was performed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS; Shimadzu Model AA-6800, Shimadzu Corporation, Tokyo, Japan). Samples were digested following an established method (IRRIASL, 2010). Briefly, 300 –400 mg of oven-dried sample was weighed into 50 mL Erlenmeyer flasks, to which were added 12 ml each of 1:10 (v:v) 69-72% HClO4 and 65% HNO3. Duplicate samples were digested on a hotplate to completion (>7 hours), dissolved and made up to 25 mL using 1% HNO3, and transferred to polypropylene tubes for AAS analysis. Blanks and quality control samples were subjected to the same digestion procedure.

Source of Information: Eco-friendly Agril. J. 11 (08): 84-87, 2018 (August)

Article Link (Online Journal): www.efaj-international.com

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Grain yield increase with Zn spraying was about 2-10% for BRRI dhan58 and about 6-18% for BRRI dhan74 compared to control. In both the location, grain Zn content increased with Wuxal spraying that decreased greatly with polishing. Grain Zn content in brown rice of BRRI dhan58 under control condition was about 17 µg-1 that increased to about 19 µg^-¹ through spraying treatment. Brown rice Zn content with genetically modified BRRI dhan74 varied from 22.02-23.78 µg^-1under control condition, which increased to 24.25-25.79 µg^-1after Zn spraying. Grain polishing by 9-12% reduced Zn content by about 20-29% indicating that achievement of nutritional target is very much difficult in Bangladesh because in most cases over polishing is done in rice mill.

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