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Recovering Ability of Upland and Rainfed Lowland Rice Varieties Against Rice Tungro Disease

M T Khatun
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M A Latif
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M M Rahman
Former Head and Chief Scientific Officer, Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute

M Hossain
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

T H Ansari
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

B Nessa
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M A I Khan
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M A Ali
Laboratory of Plantation Crops, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

M M Hanafi
Laboratory of Plantation Crops, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Rice tungro is the most destructive and widespread among virus diseases found in almost all rice growing areas. In susceptible varieties, it causes 100% yield loss under favourable environmental conditions. Control of tungro disease by chemical applications is not effective and eco-friendly. Development of resistant variety against tungro is also difficult, because it is necessary to develop resistance either to the insect vector or to the virus or to the both. Identification of varieties with recovering ability will facilitate farmers to cultivate rice in tungro endemic areas. Bangladesh Rice Research Institute released six upland and eight rainfed lowland rice varieties, which were tested to evaluate their recovering ability against tungro disease. The test varieties including susceptible and resistant checks were artificially inoculated by viruliferous vector (Green leafhopper, Nephotettix virescens) of ten days after seeding in net house condition. Among the tested varieties BR26, BRRI dhan33 and BRRI dhan40 were the most susceptible and showed high infection rate against tungro disease. BRRI dhan37 and BR8 showed the highest recovering ability in rainfed lowland and upland rice, respectively, with the lowest yield reduction compared to the resistant check Kumragoir, which could be used in tungro endemic areas. From these investigations, all the tested varieties expressed distinct tungro disease symptoms after three weeks of inoculation. With the advancement of plant growth, varieties BR8 and BRRI dhan37 recovered from tungro syndrome due to their genetic makeup consisting tolerance potentiality showed better yield, while other varieties like BRRI dhan33 and BRRI dhan40 did not produce any grain yield.

Keywords: Tolerance, Aus, Aman, Rice tungro virus

Location: A net house and field of Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-06-2008

End Date: 00-10-2008

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases

Objectives:

To identify the varieties with recovering ability will facilitate farmers to cultivate rice in tungro endemic areas.

Methodology:

The experiments were conducted at net house and field of Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur, during the period from March to June 2008 for upland varieties and June to October 2008 for lowland rice varieties. In the field, the experiments were set up in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. A total of 16 rice varieties including six uplands, eight lowlands, one resistant and one susceptible check were used in these studies. The varieties were selected on the basis that they were the promising upland and rainfed lowland varieties for cultivation in the farmers field. The Kumragoir is a local rice variety and highly resistant, while Purbachi is a highly susceptible variety against tungro disease (Latif et al., 2011). The seeds of all varieties were collected from Adaptive Research, and Genetic Resources and Seed Division, BRRI, Gazipur, Bangladesh. Sundried seeds of each variety were placed into petridish on one piece of filter paper. The filter paper was soaked with water to provide moisture for seed germination. The petridishes were kept in room temperature and water was added everyday to maintain moisture. Just after germination, seeds were sown in line in trays. One line was allocated for each variety and each line consisted of about 50-60 seeds. Each variety was sown in three trays. After ten days, two trays were used for inoculation and the third tray was used as control. Initially GLHs were allowed to feed on 45-to 60-day-old infected source plants (affected by tungro disease) with distinct symptoms for 2 to 3 days. Ten-day-old seedlings of two trays of each variety were inoculated by viruliferous GLH for 24 hrs in wood-net made cage in net house. To ensure proper inoculation at least 3-4 viruliferous GLH per test plant were introduced into the cage. To ensure enough inoculum for each seedling the GLHs used for inoculation inside the case were disturbed several times during the inoculation access period. Three weeks after inoculation, symptoms appeared and the seedlings were scored based on visual observation. Healthy checks were used to compare with diseased one.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J. 21 (1) : 91-100, 2017

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The morphological and yield traits varied significantly among the tested varieties in the present study. The seedling infection by RTD was the highest in variety BRRI dhan27 (93.39%) followed by BRRI dhan43 (91.91%) and BR26 (91.59%) which were higher than the susceptible check Purbachi (90.39%). The resistant check Kumragoir did not show any symptoms of tungro disease in inoculated plants. The lowest seedling infection was found in variety BR8 (76.74%). All the eight varieties showed higher plant height (PH) in control plants than inoculated one. Among tested varieties the highest PH was recorded for the variety BR8 (45.76 cm) in inoculated plants, however in control plants this value was recorded as 92.13 cm, a reduction of 50.33% in this variety. The lowest PH was observed in the variety BR26 (33.71 cm) in treated plants, while in control plants it was 74.50 cm, a reduction of 54.75% compared to a 52.2% reduction in the susceptible check Purbachi. The lowest PH reduction was found in BRRI dhan43 (45.21%). In the resistant check Kumragoir PH reduction in inoculated plants was only 3.86% compared to control plants. In case of number of tillers/hill the variety BRRI dhan48 (14.80) produced more tillers among tested varieties in inoculated plants and BRRI dhan27 (6.83) produced less number of tillers/hill. In control plants these two varieties had also the highest and lowest number of tillers/hill (13.30 and 6.47) respectively. Varieties BR26, BRRI dhan27 and BRRI dhan48 had more tillers/hill in inoculated plants than control plants

Knowledge Management: Journal