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Sustainable Food Security Through Cropping System Analysis Using Different Farming Technologies at Northern Region of Bangladesh

Z Ferdous
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Alamnagar, Rangpur, Bangladesh

M Anwar
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Alamnagar, Rangpur, Bangladesh

Z Haque
Agronomy Specialist, IDSS project, ACI Agribusiness, ACI limited, Dhaka, Bangladesh

M K Islam
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Alamnagar, Rangpur, Bangladesh

MUS Khatun
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Alamnagar, Rangpur, Bangladesh

MA Alam
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Alamnagar, Rangpur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Productivity of the cropping system is critical to the food security of Bangladesh. However, many concerns about the sustainability of cropping system exist because of lack of advance knowledge of farming. In this context, a study was performed in the agro-ecological zone of the Tista Mendar Floodplain agro ecological zone (AEZ-3) at Jaldhaka subdistrict under Nilphamary district of Bangladesh. By reorganization of existing cropping patterns (using Linear Programming Model) gross output (7% to 21%), gross margin (12% to 20%) and labour employment (6% to 20%) have been increased from plan 1 (existing plan) to plan 2 (by reorganization of existing lands). The cause of increase gross output, gross margin and labour employment was some cultivated land from less efficient cropping patterns has been transferred to more efficient cropping patterns. Again, by reorganization of existing and improved cropping patterns, some lands of existing patterns have been shifted to improved cropping pattern. As a result, gross out (17% to 31%), gross margin (27% to 32%) and labour employment (13% to 26%) have been raised from plan 1 to plan 3 (by combination of improved technologies with existing technologies). The result of on farm demonstration showed gross output, gross margin and labour employment have been increased 24% to 53%, 32% to 51% and 12% to 47% from plan 1 to plan 3, respectively. So, this study suggest, optimum farm plan with the combination of existing and improved cropping pattern will increase farm output and generate additional employment and improved food security.

Keywords: Food security, Cropping system, Farming systems, Marginal Farmer, Small Farmers, Homestead vegetable

Location: Nilphamari District

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Rice, Potato, Maize

Objectives:

To assess existing technology of the farmers of northern region and to produce optimum farm plans for marginal, small and medium farmers by reorganization of existing resources and by combination of improved technologies with existing technologies.

Methodology:

The farm accounting data for this empirical application have been collected from Nilphamari district through a farm management survey. A sample of 90 farms from two villages (technologically poor villages) have been surveyed taking 30 from marginal (farm size less than 50 decimals), 30 from small (farm size less than 150 decimals), and 30 from medium farm (farm size less than 250 decimals) groups using random sampling technique method. Input output data of all crops and livestock of the sample farmers have been included in data analysis. Linear programming (LP) model have been used to produce optimum farm plans for marginal, small and medium farms with existing technology and with improved technology for increasing employment and food accessibility of the farming of the regions. Analytical Technique: The selection of suitable cropping patterns, factors of production and the special technique in the structure of restrictions allow in the two models of Programming that have the same objective function. This is a linear function of all activities of enterprises and factors of production that produce optimum farm plans for marginal, small and medium farms of the study area (Anwar et al., 2017). For sustainable food security, increasing food accessibility and employment, optimum farm plans by reorganization of improved technology have been conducted among six farmers in the study villages during 2009-2010. Improved cropping patterns Transplant Aman rice (Bina dhan -7) – Potato+Maize+ Mung bean and Transplant Aman rice (Bina dhan -7) – Maize+Mung bean (developed by OFRD, Rangpur) have been selected to conduct as a trial in the study villages. A homestead model vegetables production program has been conducted among six farmers in the study villages for growing year round vegetables production and also to solve the nutritional problem and for woman employment generation. Data of the on farm demonstration of optimum farm plans were collected timely. A statistical method SPSS was used to analyze the data in order to produce descriptive statistics.

Source of Information: Progressive Agriculture 28 (3): 204-215, 2017

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The solution of the linear programming model produces optimum plans by reorganization of existing resources for Marginal, small and medium farms at Nilphamry district. Optimum plans differ in the three categories of farms due to resource and constraints. Gross output, gross margin and thereby efficiency have increased in these plans. Cultivated land has been shifted from existing cropping patterns to suitable cropping patterns by the solution of the model based on gross margin and resource constraints. On farm demonstration of optimum plan showed that T. aman Binadhan 7)–Potato+Maize+Mungbean, T. aman (BINA 7)–Maize–Mung bean, and year round homestead vegetable production model were more efficient cropping pattern/technology compared to existing cropping patterns.

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