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Effect of Storage Condition on Seed Quality and Health in Jute O-9897

S. M. A. Haque
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Department, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute

I. Hossain
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

M. A. R. Khokon
Professor
Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiments were conducted in the laboratory of Plant Pathology Department, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute. The experiments were conducted during the period 15 January 2010 to 5 March 2012. Nine different types of containers viz. tin pot, plastic pot, poly bag, gunny bag, gunny bag lined with polythene, earthen pot, cloth bag, brown paper and IRRI poly bag, two level of moisture contents viz. farmers’ condition (13%) and recommended moisture condition (9.5%) by Bangladesh Gazette (2010) and seed treatment with Provax-200 and control (untreated) were used for the present study. Seeds were stored for 12 months and examined after 4. 8 and 12 months of storage. Among the nine containers, tin pot was found better in respect of moisture content, germination, mean germination time, vigour index and 1000- seed weight. Health condition of seeds was also superior compared to other containers. The poorest performance was observed in earthen pot regarding moisture content, germination, mean germination time, vigour index, 1000- seed weight and seed borne infection. The findings of the present study also reveal that recommended moisture
content was better than farmers’ condition. Provax-200 treated seed also resulted better performance than non treated seed. So, Quality of jute seeds can be maintained by storage in tin pot with provax-200 treated and recommendation moisture content (9.5%).

Keywords: Effct, Storage container, Seed quality, Health

Location: Laboratory of Plant Pathology Department, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute.

Start Date: 15-01-2010

End Date: 05-03-2012

Program Area: Postharvest and Agro-processing

Commodity: Jute

Objectives:

To develop an eco-friendly model of safe storing methods for quality jute seeds

Methodology:

Experimental sites and period:The experiments were conducted in the laboratory of Plant Pathology Department, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI), Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka. The experiments were conducted during the period 15 January 2010 to 5 March 2012. Varieties used:Seed of O-9897 was used. 110 kg O-9897 seeds collected from one farmer in Monirampur, Jessore. Containers used: For this experiment nine different types of storage containers were used, viz. T1= Tin pot, T2= Plastic pot, T3= Poly bag having 25 µm thickness, T4= Gunny bag, T5=Gunny bag lined with polythene, T6= Earthen pot, T7 = Cloth bag,T8= Brown paper and T9= IRRI Poly bag (Super Grain bag II Z) having 78 µm thickness. Moisture content of seeds: Seeds having two level of moisture were used,viz.i) Recommended moisture content (9.5%) as per reference of Khandakar and Bradbeer 1983; Bangladesh Gazette 2010. ii) Farmers’ condition. Seed treatment: The seeds were treated with Provax-200 WP (0.4% of seed weight). Methodology of seed treatment: Seed samples were obtained from the seed lots of each variety. Seed samples were mixed thoroughly and were divided equally into two parts. Half of seeds of both samples were mixed thoroughly with Provax-200 WP (0.4% of seed weight) and then kept into nine diffrent containers and rest of unmixed seeds of samples treated as control kept in other nine diffrent containers. All the containers had three replications and were labeled properly and preserved in room temperature till the samples were used for further study. Before storing, quality and health status of collected seed samples were tested. The quality and health test of stored seeds were done for three (3) times viz. i) After 4 months of storing, ii) After 8 months of storing and iii) After 12 months of storing. Determination of seed quality and seed health of stored seeds in the laboratory: All the tests for determining seed quality and health status were conducted following the International Rules for Seed Testing (ISTA 1999) except the seed vigour index. Seed vigour index was determined following the rules of Jain and Saha 1971. Determination of seed moisture content: Jute seed moisture was determined by constant temperature oven dry method (Khandakar 1983; ISTA 1999). The amounts of working samples depended on the diameter of the container which was used for determination of the moisture of the seed samples. The diameter of the container was less than 8 cm and the amount of seed samples were 4-5g. The working sample was evenly distributed over the surface of the container. The weight of the container and its lid were recorded before and after filing the container with the seed samples. The container was placed rapidly on the tops of its lid, and placed in an oven maintaining the temperature of 103± 20 C and dried for 17±1 hrs. At the end of the prescribed period, the containers were covered with lids and placed in the desiccators to make it cool for 30-40 minutes. After cooling, weight of the container with its lid and contents were recorded. The relative humidity of the ambient air in the laboratory at the time of moisture determination was less than 70%. The moisture content of the seed samples were calculated by means of the following formula (ISTA 1999) and expressed as percentage. Seed germination: Two hundred seeds were taken randomly from the well mixed seed sample (ISTA 1999). The working samples were divided into eight replications and thus one replication contained 25 seeds. The seeds were germinated on top of three layers of Whatmann No. 1 fiter paper. The fiter papers were soaked in water and placed at the bottom of 9 cm diameter plastic petridish and thereafter 25 seeds were placed on the top of fiter paper (ISTA 1999). Evaporation of water was minimized by tightly fiting the lids of the petridishes. The petridishes were placed inside the incubator maintaining the temperature at 300C for fie days. Seeds producing both plumule and radical after incubation were counted as germinating seeds. The results expressed as percentage.
Seed vigour index: Seed vigour index was assessed through speed of germination of seeds. Speed of germination was derived from the germinated seedlings at an interval of 24 hours for fie days according to Copeland 1976 using the following formula. Determination of 1000- seed weight: For weight determination the thousand seeds of jute was randomly counted for each pure seed sample and measured in an electronic balance (Model- PC- 180). Detection of seed borne fungi of jute seeds (Seed Health Test): Seed health analysis was conducted by blotter method following the International Rules for Seed Health Testing (ISTA 1999). In this method 9 cm diameter plastic petridish and locally packed Whatman No.1 fiter paper was used. Two hundred seeds from each sample were taken randomly and placed on the moist fiter paper in eight replicate petridish. The petridishes with seeds were incubated at 22+20C, 12/12 hours alternating cycles of near ultraviolet (NUV) light and darkness in the incubation chamber of Plant Pathology Department of BJRI for seven days. The presence of seed borne fungal pathogens was identified by observing their growth characteristics on the incubated seeds in blotter under stereomicroscope at 25X magnification. If there were any difficulty for identification of pathogen(s), temporary slides were prepared and the fungi were identified accordingly. The seed borne fungi were identified by following the keys of Sutton 1980; Ellis 1993; Melone and Muskett 1964; Mathur and Kongsdal 2003; Raper and Funnel 1965. Results were expressed as percentage of seeds infected by the pathogens. Statistical analysis: Data were analysed statistically and treatments effects were compared by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). Relation between seed borne fungal pathogens and germination was observed with regression equations (Gomez and Gomez 1984).

Source of Information: American Journal of Agricultural Research, 1(4): 0001-0031. (2016)

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Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In storage period, germination, viability, moisture, oil and protein content of seeds and health status depend upon storage containers, duration and environmental condition.

Knowledge Management: Journal