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Yield Maximization of Maize Through Nutrient Management

NU Mahamood
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Z Ferdous
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Alamnagar, Rangpur, Bangladesh

M Anwar
On-Farm Research Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Agricultural Research Station, Alamnagar, Rangpur, Bangladesh

R Ali
CIP, Jessore, Bangladesh

M Sultana
Soil Science Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Joydebpur, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Unbalanced use of chemical fertilizer is a problem in the intensive cropping systems on the Northern part of Bangladesh. Proper nutrient management is essential to maximize maize production and sustain agricultural production while minimizing negative impacts on the soil fertility. The aim of the present study was to investigate nutrient dynamics, maize yields and soil fertility in response to balanced fertilization. A field experiment (2009– 2010) was conducted at FSRD site Lahirirhat, OFRD, Rangpur during rabi season 2009-2010 to evaluate Maximizing maize production through nutrient management. Five treatments viz.T₁= N₃₀₀P₅₀K₁₅₀S₃₀, T₂=P₅₀K₁₅₀S₃₀, T₃= N₃₀₀K₁₅₀S_30, T₄= N₃₀₀P₅₀S₃₀ and T₅= N₃₀₀P₅₀K₁₅₀were evaluated for this purpose. The result indicated that the highest grain yield (8.37 t/ha) was found from T₁= N₃₀₀P₅₀K₁₅₀S₃₀ treatment. The lowest grain yield (7.33 t/ha) was obtained from T₂=P₅₀K₁₅₀S₃₀ treatment. The gross return (Tk.100107/ha) and gross margin (Tk.44951/ha) was higher with T₁ and T₃ treated plot. It may be concluded that proper nutrient management may be the good alternatives for maximizing maize yield and management of soil health at Rangpur region in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Yield maximization, Nutrient management, Maize

Location: Farming System Research and Development (FSRD) site Lahirirhat, Rangpur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

To promote improved and sustainable maize production through appropriate soil fertilization approaches.

Methodology:

Site description and experimental design: The study was initiated at Farming System Research and Development (FSRD) site Lahirirhat, Rangpur, Bangladesh during 2009-2010 cropping seasons in the farmers field condition of 6 selected farmers to maximize the maize production through nutrient management. The study area is located at 21°24’ N latitude and 88°23’ E longitude with 31 m above mean sea level. The area mostly falls under high and medium high land areas of the Tista Meander Floodplain with an extent of 946,803 ha. The soils of this region are moderately acidic (pH of 4.6–6.5), low in organic matter content on the higher land (< 1 %), but moderate in the lower parts (~ 2 %). Overall, the fertility level is low to medium, but the status of K and CEC is medium in most of the places. Soils in general have good water holding capacity (Ferdous et al., 2016). The area receives an annual rainfall of around 2,160 mm with relatively early onset and late cessation. The land was well prepared by tractor driven disc plough followed by laddering. The initial soil samples of the experimental fields were collected and analyzed following standard methods. The analytical report has been presented in the Table 1. There were five fertilizer treatments (calculated by initial soil analysis) in FSRD site in 2009-2010 (Table 2). Zinc sulphate monohydrate (ZnSO₄.H₂O) was used as a source of Zn. Urea, TSP, MOP, Gypsum and Boric acid were used as the sources of N,P,K,S and B, respectively. In FSRD site, the experiment was laid out in a RCB design in three replications which was also replicated in three dispersed farmer’s field (Ferdous et al., 2016). Crop management: The entire amount of organic manure was applied 4 days before final land preparation. Full amount of PKS and 1\3 of N were applied at the time of final land preparation. One weeding was done at 30 days after emergence (DAE). Irrigation was done at 15-20, 30-35, 60-70 and 85-95 days after sowing (DAS). The rest of N was applied into two equal splits at 25-30 DAS and at 40-50 DAS. Other intercultural operation was done as and when necessary. The spacing of maize was 75cm x 25cm. The crop was planted on 3-6 November in 2009 at FSRD site. Preventive measures were taken to control insect and diseases applying appropriate insecticides and fungicides. Harvested date of maize was on 28-30 April, 2010. Data collection and statistical analysis: After maturing randomly 5 plants were harvested to record the yield and yield contributing characters of maize. Fresh grain yield was harvested from randomly pre- selected central areas (about 9 m^-2) of each plot and converted into tons per hectare (t ha^-1). Mean data was analyzed statistically and was carried out to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the MSTAT-C. Further statistical validity of the differences among treatment means was estimated using the least significant difference (LSD) comparison method. Gross return (GR), total variable cost (TVC) and gross margin (GM) have been calculated using the following formula: GR = Return of main product. = Yield Price (Tk.); TVC = All input cost except land cost and interest on operating capital. GM = GR-TVC

Source of Information: Progressive Agriculture 27 (4): 428-434, 2016

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The higher yield of maize was obtained from T₁= N₃₀₀P₅₀K₁₅₀S₃₀ at FSRD site, Lahirirhat in 2009-2010. Balanced nutrient management compensated N, P and K requirement of the crops and showed its higher economic performance hence, it may be concluded that proper nutrient management may be the good alternatives for maximizing maize yield and management of soil health at Rangpur region in Bangladesh.

Knowledge Management: Journal