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Genetic Diversity and Screening of Rice (oryza Sativa L.) Genotypes for Drought Tolerance at Reproductive Phase

M S Pervin
Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

T Halder
Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

M Khalequzzaman
GRS Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

M A Kader
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

T L Aditya
Plant Breeding Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

R Yasmeen
Plant Physiology Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur 1701, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Drought is a major abiotic constraint for growing rain-fed rice in Bangladesh. A total of 175 rice genotypes were evaluated using field-managed screening protocol to identify reproductive phase drought tolerant genotypes at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute, Gazipur, Bangladesh. Twelve morpho-physiological characters viz, growth duration, plant height, tiller number per plant, panicle number per plant, panicle length, filled grain number per plant, sterility percentage, filled grain weight per plant, 1000 grain weight (TGW), straw weight per plant, harvest index (HI) and percent yield reduction were recorded. Multivariate analysis was carried out by using software Genstat 5.5 to measure genetic divergence among the rice genotypes. In total 175 genotypes were constellated into ten clusters in which the cluster I exhibited maximum genetic distances from cluster V and the lowest genetic distance was between cluster II and X. Inter-cluster distances were higher than the intra-cluster distances suggesting wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters and homogeneity among the genotypes within the cluster. Among the 12 studied characters percent yield reduction contributed maximum towards total divergence in the genotypes, which revealed that these parameters contributed more to grain yield under drought stress. The genotypes of cluster I namely Canthi bakla (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7279), Nizersail (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7281), Hashim (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7283), Uricheora (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7311), Goura Kajol (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7312), Chini Sail (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7343), Tall Biruin (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7355), Sakkar Khora (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7506) and Boaincha Biruim (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7573) performed better under drought stress, which could be used in the crossing programme as donor parent for the development of variety.

Keywords: Genetic distance, Drought stress, Morpho-physiological characters, Multi-variate analysis, Yeld reduction

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI) farm, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Plant, Rice

Objectives:

To identify the Genetic Diversity and Screening of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes for Drought Tolerance at Reproductive Phase

Methodology:

In total 175 rice germplasm including BRRI dhan56 and BRRI dhan57 were studied at BRRI farm, Gazipur, Bangladesh during T. Aman season 2015. Field-Managed Screening protocol (IRRI, 2008) was followed for drought screening. The experiment was conducted in two sets where the 1st set was grown under well-watered condition as control and the 2nd set under stress condition. Stress was initiated four weeks after transplanting in which field was drained out properly for not allowing any standing water until maturity. The experiment was laid out in Alpha lattice design with two replications. The perch water table depth and soil moisture was measured daily. Data on growth duration, plant height, tiller number per plant, panicle number per plant, panicle length, filled grain number per plant, sterility percentage, filled grain weight per plant, TGW, straw weight per plant and HI were recorded. The percent yield reduction of tested entries was calculated by comparing rice yield of stress plant with control plant. Mean data for each character were subjected to multivariate analysis viz Principle Component Analysis (PCA), Principle Coordinate Analysis, Non-hierarchical Clustering and Canonical Variate Analysis using Genstat 5.5 [Release 4.1 (PC/Windows NT] (Mahalanobis, 1936; Jager et al., 1983; Digby et al., 1989)

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J. 21 (1) : 27-34, 2017

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on the results the inter-cluster distances was larger than intra-cluster distances suggesting wider genetic diversity among the entries of different clusters but very similar within the cluster. From this study we can concluded that nine genotypes of cluster I namely Canthi bakla (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7279), Nizersail (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7281), Hashim (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7283), Uricheora (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7311), Goura Kajol (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7312), Chini Sail (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7343), Tall Biruin (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7355), Sakkar Khora (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7506) and Boaincha Biruim (BRRI Genebank Acc. No. 7573) were more tolerant to water stress that could be used as donor parent in hybridization programme.

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