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Performance Evaluation of a Solar Pond

M S Yesmin*
Scientific Officer
Irrigation and Water Management Div. Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Banglades

F Nowrin
Scientific Officer
Entomology Div. Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Banglades

A Chowdhury
Scientific Officer
Agril.Economics Div. Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Banglades

S Paul
Senior ScientificOfficer
FMPHT Div., Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Banglades

M M Islam
Scientific Officer
FMPHT Div., Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Banglades

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A study was conducted at the Workshop of Farm Power and Machinery Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to determine hourly heat storage, maximum attainable temperature and corresponding heat energy in solar pond. The performance evaluation of 25 cm and 50 cm height solar pond with salt solution and 25 cm salt free solar pond were carried out for 3 months. The maximum temperature at bottom layer of 25 cm height of solar pond and 25 cm height of salt free pond was found 56.1°C and 31.3^oC respectively. On the other hand, 51.8⁰C temperature was found at 50 cm height of solar pond. The variation of temperature at bottom layer from maximum to minimum for 25 cm depth solar pond was also higher than 50 cm depth solar pond. The maximum energy of 16707 KJ generated during 12.00 to 13.00 by the 25 cm solar pond. It was increased rapidly from 11.00 to 14.00. The maximum energy at bottom layer of 25 cm height solar pond and 25 cm height with salt free pond was observed 16707 KJ and 9906 KJ, respectively and energy gain at 50 cm height of solar pond was 13478 KJ. The variation of heat storage at bottom layer from maximum to minimum for 25 cm height solar pond was also higher than 50 cm height solar pond. Temperatures at the bottom layer increased with increasing sun shine hours and incoming solar radiation. A solar pond requires relatively low cost and does not require any power from electricity or grid or fossil fuel.Solar pond, therefore, may be considered for adoption and application in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Solar pond, Temperature, Energy, Salt solution, Density gradient.

Location:

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Farm Mechanization

Commodity: Farm machineries

Objectives:

To determine hourly heat storage in solar pond

To determine maximum attainable temperature and corresponding heat energy

Methodology:

The study was conducted at the Workshop of Farm Power and Machinery Department, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The following materials were used for evaluating the performance of solar pond and heat extraction: Insulating materials, Transparent polythene sheet, Cottonfilter, Salt (NaCI),Sedimentation tank, Black cement, Sealing materials,Wood,Phenyl (for destroy micro-organism).The following apparatus were used in this experiment: Thermocouple,Solar meter (SL100),Digital thermometer, Bucket (15 liter),Scale.MethodsEnergy absorbed in the pond Energy was absorbed in the pond during a particular time of the day. Dimensions of the horizontal plane=45°, volume of the pond=2.69 m³, Side and bottom wall thickness=10 cm.The bottom of the pond was painted black color. Plastic film covers (transparent polythene paper) were provided on the top at an angle 15° of the pond to protect it from dust particles and wind disturbance and also to prevent rain water entrance and evaporation. G.I. pipes each of 2 cm dia. and 38 cm long were installed one side of the pond at 10 cm apart with inside ends closed and outside ends open to permit temperature measurement of pond water of different layers. Setting the thermocouples Five GI pipes placed one side of the pond. They were placed at different height of the pond. Five thermocouples were placed into the hole for measuring the rate of heat in the pond in different layer.Filling the pond with salt free water. The pond was first filled with tap water (which was free from salt) collected from FPM Workshop.The temperature at different layers and ambient weather conditions were recorded during the period. Filling the solar pond up to 25 cm height with salted water. After completing the experiment for the case of salt free solar pond, the water in the pond was drained out by opening the drainpipe in the bottom of the pond. Before filling with salted water the volume for different layers of the pond were calculated. Required amount of salt for each layer was determined to maintain desire density.Brine solution was kept in sedimentation tank and allowed for sedimentation for 12 hours. After sedimentation, salt solution was poured on the sidewall through the cotton filter. Salt were mixed with water and kept in sedimentation tank and allowed for sedimentation for 12 hours. After filling the bottom layer, the rest were feed very carefully without causing any disturbance of the previous layer. The pond was filled in layer sections one after another, each layer having a slightly different salt concentration. 25 cm height pond was completed. Filling the solar pond up to 50 cm height with salted water. Required amount of salt for each layer was calculated to maintain desire density. The filling procedure of 50 cm height of solar pond was same as stated in 25 cm salt gradient solar pond. The installation of the brine solution to built 50 cm depth solar pond was completed. Solar pond: A trapezoidal shaped pond was constructed with the following dimensions:Top face=2.8*2.8, Bottom face=1.8m*2.8m,Top area=7.84 m², Bottom area=3.24 m², Depth of pond=50 cm.

Source of Information: Eco-friendly Agril. J. 11(10):114-118, 2018 (October)

Article Link (Online Journal): www.efaj-international.com

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The performance of the solar pond showed better results with salt solution than the salt less solar pond.
Temperatures at the bottom layer, increased with increasing sun shine hours and incoming solar radiation.
Temperature at the bottom layer is dependent on the depth.

Knowledge Management: Journal