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Impact of Rice Husk Biochar on Growth, Water Relations and Yield of Maize (zea Mays L.) Under Drought Condition

M. A. Shashi
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

M. A. Mannan
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

M. M. Islam
Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

M. M. Rahman
Department of Soil Science Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present experiment was conducted to study the impact of rice husk biochar on growth, water relations and yield of maize (BARI Hybrid Bhutta- 9) under drought (60 and 40% of FC) conditions. Four doses of rice husk biochar @ 0, 5, 10 and 20 t/ha were applied as an amendment in soil before sowing of seeds. Results revealed that drought stress reduced plant height, relative water content and grain yield of maize. But rice husk biochar at different doses improved the above mentioned characters under drought conditions. Under 60% of FC, the highest plan height, leaf water content and yield were 196.67 cm, 79.86% and 89.75 g/plant, respectively when biochar was applied @ 20 t/ha but it was 173.33 cm, 78.32% and 84.57 g/plant, respectively under 40% of FC when biochar was applied at the same dose. It may be concluded that, rice husk biochar @ 20 t/ha showed the best result to promote growth, water relation traits and yield of maize under drought condition.

Keywords: Rice husk biochar, Growth, Yield,Bhutta, Drought, Maize

Location: Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-11-2016

End Date: 00-03-2017

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Maize, Rice

Objectives:

The experiment was undertaken to assess the effects of rice husk biochar on growth, water relations and yield of maize variety BARI Hybrid Bhutta-9 under drought conditions.

Methodology:

Location of the experiment- The pot experiment was conducted in the Department of Agronomy, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur from November 2016 to March 2017. Experimental soil characteristics- The soil used in the experiment was sandy loam in texture, organic carbon contain 0.60%, total N 0.05%, available P 0.08 mg/100 g, exchangeable K 0.33 cmol_ckg^-1 and CEC 14.58 cmol_ckg^-1 dry soil and the pH was 7.1. Biochar characteristics- Biochar was produced from rice husk by pyrolysis in biochar stove developed by Mia et al. (2015) and modified by Mannan et al. (2016). The chemical properties of rice husk biochar were N 2.57%, P 0.21%, K 0.231%, Ca 1.024%, Mg 0.458%, S 0.339%, EC 1.325 mS/cm and 7.15 pH was recorded. Fertilizers application- The soil in the pot was fertilized uniformly with 2.0, 1.15 and 0.9 g urea, triple super phosphate and muriate of potash corresponding to 525-250200 kg urea, triple super phosphate and muriate of potash per hectare, respectively (BARC, 2012). Treatments a) Biochar doses: Rice husk biochar was mixed uniformly in the soil of each pot with 24.4, 48.8, and 97.6 g corresponding to at the rate of 5, 10 and 20 t/ha, respectively and biochar was not applied to control plot. b) Drought: Three water regimes i) Control (80% of field capacity), ii) 60% of field capacity (FC) and iii) 40% of field capacity (FC) were maintained from 4^th leaf stage of seedling up to maturity. Crop establishment and drought imposition Ten bold seeds of BARI Hybrid Bhutta- 9 were sown in each plastic pot containing about 11 kg air dried soil. After seven days of germination, two uniform and healthy plants were allowed to grow in each pot. Drought stress was induced by withholding water completely. During the drought treatment period, wilting symptom was visually observed every day. The pots were weighed every other day to compensate the water loss by evapotranspiration according to Choudhury et al. (2014). In non-stress treatment, one liter water per pot was applied in alternate day up to maturity. Crop establishment and drought imposition- Ten bold seeds of BARI Hybrid Bhutta- 9 were sown in each plastic pot containing about 11 kg air dried soil. After seven days of germination, two uniform and healthy plants were allowed to grow in each pot. Drought stress was induced by withholding water completely. During the drought treatment period, wilting symptom was visually observed every day. The pot

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 16(2): 93-101(2018)

Article Link (Online Journal): DOI: http://dx.doi.org/ 10.3329/agric.v16i02.40347

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the obtained results it might be concluded that application of rice husk biochar had positive impact on growth, water relation traits and yield of maize under drought conditions. Among the doses of rice husk biochar, the rate of 20 t/ha dose presented the best performance to enhance plant height, leaf water content and yield of maize. So rice husk biochar might be used as a soil amendment to mitigate drought effects in maize.

Knowledge Management: Journal