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Dry Matter Production and Seed Yield of Soybean as Affected by Post-flowering Salinity and Water Stress

M.S.A. Khan
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701

J.A. Chowdhury
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI),

M.A. Razzaque
Training and Communication Wing, BARI, Gazipur-1701

M.Z. Ali
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701

S.K. Paul
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701

M.A. Aziz
Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted in a vinyl house of the Agronomy Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur, during rabi season of 2015-2016 to evaluate the sensitivity of different post-flowering growth stages of soybean to salinity (100 mM NaCl) and water stress (70% depletion of available water) imposed at 4^th to 6^th, 6^th to 8^th, 8^th to 10^th and 10^th to 12^th weeks after emergence. Shoot dry weight was found more sensitive to salt and water stress than root dry weight at all the post flowering growth stages. The highest relative shoot dry weight (91.47%) and relative root dry weight (95.58%) were recorded from salt and water stressed plants, respectively when both the treatments imposed at 4^th to 6^th weeks after emergence. The highest seed yield (10.47 g plant^-1) was obtained from the control treatment followed by that (8.68 g plant^-1) under salt stress treatment imposed at 10^th to 12^th weeks after emergence. Contrary, the lowest seed yield of 0.69 g plant^-1 was obtained from the salt stress treatment imposed at 4^th to 6^th weeks after emergence. Among the stages, 4^th to 6^th weeks after emergence of soybean was found the most sensitive to salt stress in relation to seed yield reduction. The salt stress imposed at 6^th to 8^th weeks after emergence was also found damaging for seed yield production.

Keywords: Salinity stress, Water stress, Post-flowering, Soybean

Location: Agronomy Division at Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur

Start Date: 00-11-2014

End Date: 00-04-2015

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Soybean

Objectives:

This study was initiated to find out the sensitivity of different post-flowering growth stages of soybean to salinity and water stresses.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted in a polythene house of the Agronomy Division at Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur during rabi season of 2015. Soybean var. BARI Soybean-6 was used for testing salt and water stress tolerance at different post flowering growth stages. Seeds were washed several times with tap water for surface cleaning and then sown in soil medium on 26 January 2015 in plastic pots having 30 cm in height and 24 cm inner diameter. Each pot contained 12 kg air dried sandy loam soil. Chemical fertilizers of 0.30 g urea, 0.90 g TSP, 0.60 g MOP and 0.60 g Gypsum per pot were also incorporated into the soil before sowing. The pots were watered daily for easy germination. Soybean plants were emerged on 01 February, 2015. After the emergence and establishment, two uniform healthy seedlings per pot were allowed to grow for four weeks (28 DAE) in equal environment. After four weeks of emergence, all the growing plants in pots were imposed to the treatments. The treatments were; (T₁) Control, (T₂) Salt stress as irrigated the plants with 100 mM NaCl solution at 4^th to 6^th weeks after emergence, (T₃) Water shortage (irrigated with 70% depletion of available soil water when wilting sign developed) at 4^th to 6^th weeks after emergence, (T₄) Salt stress as irrigated with 100 mM NaCl at 6^th to 8^th weeks after emergence, (T₅) Water shortage at 6^th to 8^th weeks after emergence, (T₆) Salt stress as irrigated with 100 m M NaCl at 8^th to 10^th weeks after emergence, (T₇) Water shortage at 8^th to 10^th weeks after emergence, (T₈) Salt stress as irrigated with 100 mM NaCl at 10^th to 12^th weeks after emergence and (T₉) Water shortage at 10^th to 12^th weeks after emergence. The control group of plants was irrigated with tap water only. To induce salt stress, the pots were irrigated five times with 500 ml salt solution for 14 days by maintained an interval of two days. The experiment was arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 8 replications. Admire 200SL @ 1 ml/liter of water was sprayed at 10 and 25 DAE to control Jassids and white flies. Ripcord 10 EC @ 1 ml/liter of water was sprayed at 45 and 60 DAE to control leaf roller and pod borer. After the completion of the treatments imposition plant samples were collected from 4 replications and remaining 4 were allowed to grow up to maturity with irrigated fresh water. Shoot and root parts of the collected plant samples were separated and then oven dried at 70ºC for 4 days to measure the dry weight. Yield and yield contributing characters of the soybean plants under different treatments were recorded from the remaining pots after maturity. Data were analyzed by MSTAT-C program and the treatment means were compared by using Least Significant Difference (LSD).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2016, 19(2): 21-27

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above findings, it may be concluded that 4^th to 6^th weeks after emergence of soybean was the most sensitive post- flowering growth stage to salt for seed yield. The salt stress imposed during 6^th to 8^th weeks after emergence was also much damaging for seed yield of soybean. Seed yield reduction was minimum both in salt and water stress treatments imposed during 10^th to 12^th weeks after emergence.

Knowledge Management: Journal