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Salinity Stress During Booting and Heading Stages Affects Yield in Rice

Adam B. Puteh
Professor
Crop Science Department, University Putra Malysia, Malaysia

M. Monjurul Alam Mondal
Chief Scientific Officer
Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was carried out in pot culture to investigate the effect of salinity at two growth stages on yield and yield components in three rice mutants. The treatment composed of three elite rice mutants viz., RM250-1012, RM300-30 and RM250-150, and 8 dS m^-1 salinity imposed at two growth stages of booting and heading. Morphological parameters such as plant height, number of leaves and tillers hill^-1 and panicle length, physiological characters such as biological yield and harvest index, yield attributes such as number of grains panicle^-1 and 1000-grain weight were decreased in saline treated plants than control plants. However, the decrease in above parameters due to salinity was greater when salinity imposed at booting stage as compared to salinity imposed at heading stage. Among the genotypes, the yield loss due to salinity was less in RM300-30 than that in the others, which further revealed that RM300-30 had a greater tolerance to salinity than RM250-1012 and RM250-150.

Keywords: Salinity stress, Growth stages, Yield attributes, Rice mutant

Location: Glass house, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia

Start Date: 20-07-2012

End Date: 15-12-2012

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

To evaluate the grain yield of rice and its components as affected by salinity at two stages of booting and heading.

Methodology:

The pot culture experiment was carried out at the glass house of Universiti Putra Malaysia, during the period from 20 July to 15 December 2012. Three promising salt tolerant rice mutants namely RM250-1012, RM300-30 and RM250-150 were used as planting material. Plastic pots of 15 cm diameter and 20 cm height were used for the experiment. The pots of the experiment were filled with 3.0 kg of soils. The pots were placed in 150-Liters tray type water reservoir for nutrient solution. The water depth of the reservoir was 18 cm and it was always maintained by addition of water at weekly basis. For smaller size of the pots, a Hoagland’s solution was used weekly in water reservoir for normal plant growth and development. The experiment was designed in a Split Plot arrangement with four replications in which growth stage treatments were the main factor and genotypes the sub-factor. Each pot contained one hill and denoted a replication. The treatments of the experiment were: Three rice mutants viz., RM250-1012, RM300-30 and RM250-150, and salinity imposed at two growth stages of booting to maturity and heading to maturity. Only 8 dSm^-1 salinity levels imposed in the treatment. The required quantities of commercial salts were applied to water reservoir at booting to maturity and heading to maturity stages to impose salinity. To maintain specific salinity level, a high salinity (30 dS m^-1) solution was poured slowly to water reservoir until getting a desired salinity. The salinity levels of the water reservoir was monitored weekly by EC meter (Model: Z865, SCHOTT Instruments, Germany) and saline solution was added (when necessary) to maintained required salinity level in the reservoir. Weeding was done as and when necessary. Water was supplied to water reservoir as and when needed to maintain a specific water height to ensure sufficient moisture for the normal growth of the crops.

At harvest, morphological parameters, dry mass weight in different plant parts, yield attributes and grain yield was recorded. Harvest index was calculated by dividing economic yield to biological yield of plant multiplied with 100 and expressed in percentage. The collected data were analyzed statistically following the analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique and the mean differences were adjudged by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) using the statistical computer package program, MSTAT-C.

Source of Information: Life Science Journal 2016;13(11): 64-67

Article Link (Online Journal): doi:10.7537/marslsj131116.10.

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Between the two growth stages, booting to maturity stages is more susceptible than heading to maturity stages in rice life cycle. The three studied rice mutants were variably affected in morpho-physiological attributes and yield contributing characters by salinity at different growth stages; and among the mutants, RM300-30 was found comparatively more tolerant under saline condition than the other mutants with less TDM and yield reduction. Therefore, this mutant (RM300-30) may have adopted in moderate saline condition after few more field trials.

Knowledge Management: Journal