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Productivity of Summer Onion to Different Sources and Levels of Potash

M.S. Naher*
Spices Research Centre, Shibganj, Bogra, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bangladesh

S. Brahma
Spices Research Centre, Shibganj, Bogra, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bangladesh

M.A. Islam
Spices Research Centre, Shibganj, Bogra, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bangladesh

M.B. Sarkar
Spices Research Centre, Shibganj, Bogra, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bangladesh

M.M. Hasan
Spices Research Centre, Shibganj, Bogra, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bangladesh

A.H.F. Fahim
Spices Research Centre, Shibganj, Bogra, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was conducted at the research field of the Spices Research Centre, Shibganj, Bogra, Bangladesh in the summer season of 2013-2014 to find out the response of summer onion (var. BARI Peaj-3) to different levels and sources of potassium application. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Potassium fertilizer combinations were comprised of four levels (0, 60, 120 and 180 kg ha ^-1) and two potassium sources viz. Potassium Chloride (KCl) and Potassium Sulphate (K₂SO₄). A significant improvement in different growth and yield parameters of onion was observed in response to different sources and levels of potassium. The results indicated that the maximum plant height, leaves plant^-1, length of leaf, length of bulb, diameter of bulb, average bulb weight, number of bulb per m² and yield of bulbs were obtained from the onion crop which was treated with 120 kg K ha-1 from the Sulphate of Potash (SOP) fertilizer. Among the treatments the highest bulb yield (14.33 t ha^-1) was obtained with 120 kg K ha^-1 and the lowest (6.92t ha^-1) from the control. The highest disease incidents (65.67%) were recorded from the control followed by the plots which were treated with 60 kg K ha-1 (62.28%). The lowest disease incidence (49.22%) was recorded from 180 kgha^-1 SOP treated at the experimental fields of Spices Research Centre in Bogra, Bangladesh plot. Application of 120 kg K ha^-1 from K₂SO₄ along with a blanket dose of N100P50S20B1.5Zn4 kgha^-1 and 5 ton cowdung ha^-1 appeared to be the optimum dose for maximizing the bulb yield of summer onion.

Keywords: Summer Onion; Potassium; Level; Source; Bulb yield

Location: At the experimental fields of Spices Research Centre in Bogra, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Onion

Objectives:

The experiment was undertaken to determine the response of summer onion (var. BARI Peaj-3) to different levels and sources of Potassium application.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the experimental fields of Spices Research Centre in Bogra, Bangladesh. The experimental site represents Agro-Ecological Zone (AEZ)-26 as “Level Barind Tract” and situated at 24 51′ North latitude and 89 22 East longitude (FAO, 1988).The soil of the experimental field belongs to Grey Terrace Soil. It was developed from Madupur Clay and silty loam in texture. Organic matter content of the soil was low (1.02%). The soil was acidic in nature (pH 5.7). Total N and the exchangeable K status of the soil were also low. The available phosphorus, sulphur, boron and zinc contents were found to be either at par or below the critical level. Summer onion var. BARIPiaz 3 was used as a test crop.

There were Seven treatment combinations viz. T1: 0 kg K ha^-1 (Control), T2: 60 kg K ha^-1 from KCl, T3: 120 kg K ha^-1 from KCl, T4: 180 kg K ha^-1 from KCl, T5: 60 kg K ha^-1 from K₂SO₄, T6: 120 kg K ha^-1 from K₂SO₄ and T7: 180 kg K ha^-1 from K₂SO₄. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block design (RCBD) with three replications. Fertilizer with a blanket dose of N100P50S20B1.5 Zn4 kg ha^-1 and cowdung (5tha^-1) was used. The experimental plots were prepared uniformly and mixed with well-decomposed cow dung. Apart from potassium, all other fertilizers were applied to the soil during final land preparation. Urea fertilizer was applied with three equal splits at basal, 20 DAT and 40 DAT, respectively. The size of seedbed was 3 m 1 m with 20 cm height. The onion seeds were directly sown in the raised seedbed followed by irrigation. About 40 days old seedlings were uprooted from the seedbed and transplanted in the morning to the main field with the spacing of 10 cm 15 cm followed by irrigation. Intercultural operations like gap fillings, weeding and mulching were done whenever required. Second and third irrigation was given at 20 and 30 DAT, respectively. Insect and diseases were also controlled with appropriate control measures. Data of plant height (cm), length of leaf (cm) and number of leaves per plant were recorded from the selected five plants in each plot at 30, 50, 70 and 90 days after transplanting (DAT). The plant height (cm) was taken from the neck of the onion bulb to the tip of the longest leaf. The leaf length (cm) was measured from the pseudo stem to the tip of the leaf and the number of leaves from each plant. Onions were harvested when more than 40% of leaves tops were bent down (Khan and Khan, 1990 and Khokhar and Jilani, 2000). The bulbs were placed for five days under partial shade in the open for curing. Yield components data (length of bulb per plant (cm), diameter of bulb per plant (cm), single weight of bulb (g), number of bulbs per plot and yield of bulb (t ha^-1) were collected and statistically analyzed using MSTAT-C computer package program (Russel, 1994). The significance of the differences among the pairs of treatment means was evaluated by the Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level of probability (Gomez, et al, 1984).

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2017, 20 (1): 37-43

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

On the basis of results, it was clearly showed that application of 120 kg K ha^-1 from K₂SO₄ along with a blanket dose of N100P50S20B1.5Zn4 kg ha^-1 and 5 ton cowdung ha^-1 appeared as optimum dose for maximizing the bulb yield of summer onion of var. BAR IPiaz-3 in AEZ-25 of Level Barind Tract, Bangladesh.

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