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Influence of Low Temperature Argon and Oxygen Plasma Treatment on the Band-gap of Jute

Dr. Md. Masnoor Anwer
Principle Scientific Officer
BJRI, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka-1207

Shuranjan Sarkar
Senior Scientific Officer
BJRI, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka-1207

Md. Mahbubul Alam
Senior Scientific Officer
BJRI, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka-1207

S M Mahruf Hossain
Scientific Officer
BJRI, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka-1207

Md. Mahbubul Hoque
Scientific Officer
BJRI, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka-1207

Md. Tahzibul Haque
Scientific Officer
BJRI, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka-1207

Khaled Saifullah
Senior Scientific Officer
BJRI, Manik Mia Avenue, Dhaka-1207

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Low temperature plasma (LTP) treatment is an environmentally friendly surface modification technique. It was applied to biodegradable and ligno-cellulosic jute fibre. In this experimental work two non-polymerizing gases viz. argon (Ar) and oxygen (O2) plasmas were applied for treatment purposes. With the aim in view, treatment times were 5, 10, 15 and 20 min. and power levels of 50, 75 and 100 W with a flow rate of 0.2 L/min. Ultraviolet Visible (UV-Vis.) spectra of LTP treated jute fibres at various exposure times with different discharge powers were recorded at room temperature in absorption mode using a spectrophotometer in the wavelength range of 200 to 1100 nm. The absorption spectra were recorded for LTP treated jute at various exposure times with different discharge powers. The UV-Vis. spectroscopic analysis reveals that the band gap of jute increases with the increase of exposure times as well as discharge powers. It is also observed from the experiment that band gap of jute when treated by Ar plasma is higher than that of jute treated by O2 plasma.

Keywords: Spectroscopy, Jute fibre, Plasma treatment, Exposure time and Discharge power

Location: Electronics & Equipment Development & Maintenance Dept., BJRI, Dhaka-1207

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Physical and Mechanical Properties

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

To study Influence of Low temperature Argon and Oxygen Plasma treatment on the Band-gap of Jute

Methodology:

Low Temperature Plasma Treatment: Jute fibres (Corchorus Olitorius or Tossa jute) were collected from the local market in Bangladesh. The fibres were introduced into a bell jar type capacitively coupled glow discharge reactor. To sustain a glow discharge i.e. for getting proper and uniform plasma, the conductive electrodes are separated 0.035 m apart from each other. In order to exposed all through uniform LTP treatment on the samples surface, the fibres (length of each fibre: 0.08 m) were inserted in between the two metallic electrodes by a carrier. After placing jute fibres between pair of electrodes, the glow discharge chamber was evacuated by a rotary pump at a pressure of 1.33 Pa. Ar was considered as plasma gas for treating the jute fibre. In all treatments, both process gases were introduced separately into the reaction chamber by a flow meter at a flow rate of 0.2 L/min. which is maintained by a needle valve. The discharge powers were adjusted at 50, 75 and 100 W at a line frequency of 50 Hz with the duration of exposure times of LTP treatment of fibres were 5, 10, 15 and 20 min. After plasma treatment has been finished, and the vacuum chamber was vented, jute samples were then removed and handled carefully in order to avoid possible surface contamination to the fibres. Later, the plasma treated fibres were immediately placed into a desiccator with the silica gel.

Sample Preparation: In preparing the samples, both raw and plasma treated jute fibres were cut into small pieces of sizes of about 1.0-2.0 mm. By mortar and pestle these small pieces of jute were ground, crushed and mixed in order to convert into powder form. Finally, the jute powders were sieved by a very fine and thin net to make the powder finer. The powdered form jute of about 200 mg. was then put in a specially prepared high-pressure die. In order to make the tablets from jute powder, a high pressure (14000 psi) was applied by a hydraulic press (Model: X30659, 0-16000 psi, Mold Pressure, P.S.I: 1" and 5/4" Mold, Will Corporation, NY, USA). The diameter and the thickness of each equipped tablet was 13.5 and 1.5 mm respectively. In this way twenty five types tablets (one tablet was for raw jute and another twelve were for LTP treated jute) were prepared with treated jute samples of different discharge powers and exposure times. All the tablets were oven-dried at 100 °C for 20 minutes before characterization of the samples.

Ultraviolet visible spectroscopic analysis: The UV-Vis. spectra of raw jute and plasma-treated jute fibres at various exposure times with different discharge powers were recorded at room temperature in absorption mode using a Shimadzu UV-1601 spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan), in the wavelength range of 200 to 1100 nm. The absorption spectra were recorded both for raw jute and plasma treated jute (tablet, thickness: 1.50 mm) at various exposure times with different discharge powers.

Source of Information: International Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences (IJEAS), ISSN: 2394-3661, Volume-5, Issue-3, March 2018

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

When jute is exposed to LTP condition, energetic charged particles inside the plasma are able to interact chemically with the surface to be treated. Such interactions can also affect the material properties and the moisture content of the treated jute decreases due to the surface modification of the jute fibres. In the LTP process, the water (H₂O) dissociates into H and OH species by energetic gaseous ion bombardment. The temperature sensitive jute were dried more effectively in plasma without damaging its constituents and also improved the crystallinity of jute. Therefore, Eg increases with an increase of exposure times and discharge powers. It is also seen that at various discharge powers and exposure times, the Eg of jute treated by O₂ plasma is lower than that of jute treated by Ar plasma. This may due to the oxidation of the surface of lignin and hemicellulose when the jute treated by O₂ plasma. In addition, cellulose-based jute are intrinsically polar in nature owing to the presence of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups in their structure. The O₂ plasma treatment of the jute may lead to an increase in the polar component mainly due to the increase of the content of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups. Thus, the jute treated by O₂ plasma is relatively less dry compared to the Ar plasma treated jute. That is why Eg of jute treated by O₂ plasma is lower than that of Ag plasma.

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