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Effect of Irrigation and Mulch Materials on Growth and Yield of Wheat

S. Rummana
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University

A.K.M.R. Amin*
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University

M.S. Islam
Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University

G. M. Faruk
Deputy Secretary, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was carried out in Agronomy field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka to find out the performance of wheat (var. BARI Gom 27) as influenced by time of irrigation and different mulch materials during 2015-2016. Four levels of irrigation viz. control, one irrigation at CRI (crown root initiation) stage, one irrigation at flowering stage and two irrigations each at CRI + flowering stage; and four different mulch materials viz. control, rice straw, rice husk and plastic sheets were considered as treatment variables. The experiment was laid out in a split- plot design with three replications, assigning irrigation to main plot and mulch materials to sub plots. Results showed that time of irrigation and different mulch materials had significant effect on plant characters, yield and yield components of wheat. Two irrigations given at CRI + flowering stage resulted with significantly higher plant height, number of spikelets spike^-1, number of grains spike^-1, 1000- grain weight, grain yield, straw yield and harvest index over one irrigation and control plots. Among mulch materials, black plastic mulch resulted with significantly higher grain yield of wheat. The highest grains (4.15 t ha^-1) and straw yields (4.25 t ha^-1) were obtained with two irrigations at CRI and flowering stage with black plastic mulch for achieving higher productivity.

Keywords: Wheat, Irrigation, Mulch, Straw, Rice husk, Plastic sheet, Yield

Location: Agronomy field of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka

Start Date: 00-00-2015

End Date: 00-00-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

This study is designed to understand the interactive effect of variable irrigation levels and different mulch materials on growth and productivity of wheat.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy field and laboratory, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka-1207 during the period from November, 2015 to March, 2016. Before sowing, wheat var. BARI Gom 27 seeds were tested for germination (over 90%). The experiment was set up in November in a split- plot design where accommodate irrigation treatments viz .control (I0), one irrigation at CRI stage (I1), one irrigation at flowering stage (I2) and two irrigations each at CRI + flowering stage (I3) in main plot and and mulch materials (control, rice straw, rice husk, and black plastic sheets) in sub-plot. The size of each unit plot was 4.0 m x 2.5 m with row to row distance was 50 cm. The land was fertilized with cow dung – Urea – TSP – MoP - gypsum @ 10000-220-180-40-110 kg ha^-1, respectively. Cow dung was applied 10 days before final land preparation. Total amount of triple superphosphate, muriate of potash, gypsum and half of urea were applied at basal doses during final land preparation. The remaining 50% urea was side dressed at 35 days after sowing (DAS). Flood irrigation applied with plastic pipe in individual plots as per treatment. Mulch materials were applied in the plots as per treatment after completion of germination. For mulching, upper surface of soil of respective plot (as per treatment) was covered with the mulch materials.

Data on grain yield and yield components were recorded. Grain yield was adjusted at 14% moisture content. The data was analyzed using a computer operated program STAT 10.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Agron. J. 2018, 21(1): 71-76

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that two irrigations at CRI and flowering stage in combination with black plastic mulch is the best for obtaining higher yield of wheat.

Knowledge Management: Journal