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Pre-storage Fungicidal Treatment Effects on Prevalence of Seed-borne Fungi and Quality of Onion (allium Cepa L.) Seed

A. A. Khan
Department of Plant Pathology, BSMRAU, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

K. U. Sarker
Seed Certification Agency, DAE, Gaziur-1701, Bangladesh

M. F. Hossain
Department of Plant Pathology, BSMRAU, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

M. M. Haque
Department of Agronomy, BSMRAU, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

I. H. Mian
Department of Plant Pathology, BSMRAU, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Effect of pre-storage fungicidal treatment on prevalence of seed-borne fungi and quality of onion (Allium cepa L.) seeds was evaluated under laboratory condition. Seeds were treated separately with five fungicides namely Bavistin 50 WP (Carbendazim) and Dithane M-45 (Mancozeb) @ 2.2 g/kg, Homai (Thiophanate) and Rovral (Iprodione) @ 2.0 g/kg and Provax-200 (Carboxin) @ 3.0 g/kg of seeds before storage. Prevalence of seed-borne fungi, percent seeds germination and vigor index were evaluated just before storage, 75 and 150 days after storage. Fungicides produced significant negative impact on seed-borne fungi and positive impact in maintaining quality during storage. Provax-200, Rovral, Dithane M-45 and Bavistin effectively reduced seed-borne fungi and performed better for germination and vigor of seeds. Seed treatment with Provax-200, Rovral, Bavistin or Dithane M-45 would therefore be suggested as effective fungicides to control seed-borne fungal infection and maintain better germination and vigor of onion seed in storage.

Keywords: Seed treatment, Seed health, Vigor index, Rovral, Bavistin, Dithane, Fusarium, Onion

Location: Department of Plant Pathology, BSMRAU, Gazipur-1706, Bangladesh

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Onion, Fungicide

Objectives:

To study the effect of pre-storage seed treatment of fungicides on health and quality of onion seed in storage.

Methodology:

A seed sample of onion variety Taherpury was used in the experiment. Onion seeds were treated with five fungicides namely Bavistin 50 WP (Carbendazim) and Dithane M-45 (Mancozeb) @ 2.2 g/kg, Homai (Thiophanate) and Rovral (Iprodione) @ 2.0 g/kg and Provax-200 (Carboxin) @ 3.0 g/kg of seeds before storage. Fifty gram of seeds was treated separately for each fungicide. Required amount of fungicide was mixed properly with seeds in a conical flask by hand shaking. Treated seeds were then stored in plastic containers at ambient temperature. An untreated control was maintained. Seed health, germination and vigor index were tested following standard methods (ISTA, 1996) just before storage, 75 and 150 days after storage (DAS). Seed health test- Seed health test of onion seeds was carried out by standard blotter method (ISTA, 1996). In this method, three layers of blotter papers (Whatman No. 1) were soaked in sterilized distilled water and placed on the bottom of the 9 cm diameter Pyrex glass Petridish. Four hundred seeds from each treatment were taken randomly and then placed on the moist blotter paper at the rate of 25 seeds per plate. The experiment was laid out following Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four replications. The petridishes with seeds were then incubated at 25±2^o C temperature in 12/12 hours alternating cycles of light and darkness for seven days. After incubation, the seeds were examined under stereo-binocular microscope for the presence of seed-borne fungal pathogens and identified by observing their growth characters. In case of confusion, temporary slide was prepared and examined under a compound microscope and identified using appropriate keys of Mathur and Kongsdal (2003). Results were expressed in percentage of seeds infected by the pathogens. Germination test- Four hundred seeds were randomly taken from each treatment for germination test (ISTA, 1996). Three layered moistened blotter paper was taken on petridishes. Hundred seeds were placed on each Petridish and kept at 25^?C temperature for seven days for germination. Seedlings were counted every day up to the completion of germination at 7^th day. Only the normal seedling was counted and germination percentage was calculated. Seed vigor index- Seed vigor index (VI) was assessed through speed of germination of seeds. Speed of germination was derived from the germinated seedlings at an interval of 24 hours for seven days according to Copeland (1976) using the following formula: No. of germinated seeds at first count VI = Days of first count + -----/No. +of germinated seeds at final count/Days of final count

Source of Information: The Agriculturists 15(2): 52-58 (2017)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Pre-storage seed treatment with fungicides greatly contributed to health and quality of onion seeds during storage. Provax-200, Rovral, Bavistin and Dithane M-45 were the most effective fungicides which reduced seed-borne infection of Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium sp. and improved germination and vigor index over control. Therefore, seed treatments with Provax- 200, Rovral, Bavistin or Dithane M-45 are suggested as effective fungicides to control seed- borne fungi and for better germination and vigor of onion seeds.

Knowledge Management: Journal