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Yield and Economics of Potato in Short Duration Rice-based Cropping System in Rangpur District

Mrinmoy Guha Neogi
University of Western Australia (UWA), Crawley WA 6009, Australia

Abul Khair
Department of Botany, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka,

A.K.M. Salah Uddin
FAO, Dhanmondi R/A, Dhaka

M. Mamunur Rashid
RDRS Bangladesh, Jail Road, Rangpur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The potato crop is sensitive to environmental factors as optimum planting time of potato depends on the most favorable temperatures extending over the longest period of the crop season and requires less than maximum and above the minimum temperatures for emergence after planting. To secure good yield, the potato crop should be planted in such a time that all the three growth and development phases pass through favorable environmental conditions. Cognizant the above facts, a field experiment was conducted at RDRS Farm, Rangpur during 2014 and 2015 for cultivating potato in different dates with two popular potato varieties like Diamont and Cardinal to find out the optimum planting time of potato production in Bangladesh under short duration rice-based cropping system as well as assess the economic viability of potato cultivation in November. The cost-benefit analysis indicates that no major variation was observed in the performance of two varieties e.g. Diamont and Cardinal. But significant variation was observed in different planting dates. The 22^nd November planting of both Diamont and Cardinal produced highest yield (29.2 and 28.8 t/ha₁ respectively) compared to other three planting dates like 7^th November (27.8 t/ha and 26.9 t/ha), 7^th December (21.1 t/ha and 19.8 t/ha) and 22^nd December (15.2 t/ha and 14.7 t/ha). The 7^th November planting was found economically profitable for both the varieties, where the highest economic return was recorded as TK. 2,06,372/ha for Diamont and TK. 2,08,772/ha for Cardinal. Thus, from the economic point of view, the 7^th November planting performed best for both varieties. The cost of production was gradually higher in case of late planting due to use of higher amount of pesticides in the crop field. It may be concluded that potato could be cultivated during 1^st half of November month, just after harvesting of short duration aman rice in October that will bring harvesting of potato in 1^st half of February which can ensure highest net income from potato cultivation and enables farmers to cultivate next crop like mungbean as additional income.

Keywords: Early planting, Late planting, potato, Diamont, Mungbean

Location: RDRS Farm, Rangpur Sadar upazilla

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Farming System

Commodity: Potato, Mungbean, Rice

Objectives:

To identify the most appropriate time of potato production in northern region of Bangladesh under short duration rice – potato – mungbean cropping pattern.
To assess the economic viability of potato cultivation in early November under short duration rice – potato– mungbean cropping pattern to mitigate seasonal crisis

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the RDRS Farm, Rangpur Sadar upazilla. The two most popular potato varieties (Cardinal and Diamont) with four different planting dates (7^th November, 22^nd November, 7^th December and 22^nd December) were tested through on- station research to identify suitable time of planting in support of short duration rice –potato - mungbean cropping pattern. Farmer traditionally followed the planting times in December, after harvesting T. Aman rice of long duration varieties. November planting dates were chosen to ensure timely planting, immediately after harvest of early aman rice (using short duration rice varieties), so that the cropping pattern help farmers and day laborers to get production and employment during lean period due to harvest of rice and planting of potato. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Black Design (RCBD) with four replications. The unit plot size was 4m x 4m. The P^H value of the soil was within the range of 5 to 5.5. The experimental plot was well ploughed. Recommended doses of fertilizers and manure suggested by Tuber Crops Research Center (TCRC), BARI, Gazipur were used. Cow dung was incorporated in the soil during land preparation at the rate of 10 t/ha. Urea, Triple Super Phosphate (TSP), muriate of potash (MoP), gypsum, zinc sulphate and boric acid were used respectively at the rate of 325, 220, 250, 120, 14 and 6 kg per hectare. Urea, TSP, MoP, gypsum, zinc sulphate and boric acid were the sources of N, P, K, Ca, Zn and B, respectively. Seed tubers were collected from Breeders Seed Production Center, BARI, Debigonj, Panchagarh. Row to row spacing (within plot) and tuber to tuber (within row) was 60 cm and 25 cm respectively. Each plot had 7 rows and in each row 13 seed tubers were sown. Two times weeding was done at an interval of 30 days. Earthing-up was executed two times throughout the entire growing period, one at 30 days and another one at 60 days after planting. Irrigation was scheduled two times just after earthing-up. The whole crops were harvested after 90 days of planting while one row was harvested after 60 days of planting.

Statistical Analysis

The data obtained on the plant growth parameters and yield were processed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) using MSTAT-C program. The significance of the differences among the treatment means were evaluated by least significant difference (LSD) test (P=0.05).

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(2): 172–178, 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v17i2.41940

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The yield of Diamont and Cardinal potato variety was higher under 22^nd November planting, but the highest net profit was calculated in both varieties under 7^th November planting due to lowest production cost. The economic return of 7^th November planting was higher than other planting dates. The cost of production was gradually higher in case of late plantings due to use of higher amount of pesticides in the crop field. These pesticides were mainly used to protect late blight disease, which was caused due to late plantings like 22^nd November, 7^th December and 22^nd December. The crops planted late generally falls in the foggy, cloudy and comparatively warm weather in late February that favor late blight diseases, where early planting can escape this damage as crop may harvest before cloudy and comparatively warm weather in late February. It may be concluded that potato could be cultivated during 1^st half of November month, after harvesting of short duration rice in October that will bring harvesting of potato in 1^sthalf of February, which can ensure highest net income from potato cultivation, and enables farmers to cultivate next crop like mungbean as an additional income. Thus from the economic point of view, potato cultivation may be recommended on 1^st half of November which enables farmers to harvest potato within 1^st week of February which can ensure highest net income from potato cultivation. After potato harvests, farmers may go easily for additional crop cultivation like mungbean in the month of February which requires only 60-70 days for harvesting.

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