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Effect of Aerated and Non-aerated Compost Tea Against Some Fungal Phytopathogens

Rinita Islam
Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna- 9208

Sabiha Sultana
Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna- 9208

Md. Rejaul Islam
Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna- 9208

Chhoa Mondal
Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna- 9208

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Suppressive effect of aerated and non-aerated compost tea against different fungal phytopathogens, namely Alternaria solani, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium oxysporum, Pestalotia palmarum and Sclerotium rolfsii was evaluated in Plant Protection Laboratory of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh during 2016. Commercial compost, “Rastic Joibo Shar” was used to prepare aerated and non-aerated compost teas at 20% and 25% concentrations. All the treatments significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of tested five fungal phytopathogens. Among the five pathogens 25% concentration of non-aerated compost tea gave highest mycelial growth inhibition (76%) of Sclerotium rolfsii. Colony characteristics of five phytopathogens were significantly varied in all aspect by treating aerated and non-aerated compost teas at different concentrations. Finally it may be concluded that both aerated and non-aerated compost teas have suppressing effect on radial mycelial growth Thus compost tea may be used as alternatives to inorganic fertilizers/fungicides to suppress the pathogenic activity of the soil borne fungal phytopathogens. Thus based on the efficacy of in-vitro experiments, efficacy in field condition can be assessed against different diseases.

Keywords: Compost Tea, Fungal phytopathogens, Mycelial inhibition, Sclerotium rolfsii

Location: Plant Protection Laboratory of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna,

Start Date: 00-10-2016

End Date: 00-11-2016

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Diseases and insects

Objectives:

The study has focused on the evaluation of the efficacy of aerated (ACT) and non-aerated compost teas for in-vitro suppression of different fungal phytopathogens such as Alternaria solani, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium oxysporum, Pestalotia pulmarum and Sclerotium rolfsii.

Methodology:

Infected tomato plants with typical symptoms of early blight and wilt were collected from Dumuria upazilla under Khulna district. The fungus was isolated following tissue planting method (Mian, 1995). It was identified observing morphological characters by using key described in Barnett and Hunter (1972). The pure culture of the fungus was obtained by Hyphal Tip Isolation Method. These fungal isolates were grown on PDA slants, stored at 4⁰C in a refrigerator for further use. The preserved isolates of Bipolaris sorokiniana, Pestalotia palmarum and Sclerotium rolfsii were collected from the Plant Protection laboratory of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh and used in this experiment. Laboratory experiment was conducted at Plant Protection Laboratory of Agrotechnology Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna, Bangladesh during October, 2016 to November, 2016. Sterilized petridishes were placed in aseptic condition of a laminar air flow cabinet and 20ml PDA was poured in each petridish. After solidification of PDA, the plates were inoculated by placing 5mm disc of four days old pure culture of Alternaria solani, Bipolaris sorokiniana, Fusarium oxysporum, Pestalotia palmarum and Sclerotium rolfsii using flame sterilized cork-borer (5 mm diameter). The inoculated petridishes were marked and kept in the growth chamber at 24±1⁰C for few days. Commercially available compost named “Rastic Compost Joiboshar” was collected from the local market of Khulna city. For preparing ACT, 400 gm of compost was kept and equally distributed in eight conical flasks (50 gm/conical flask). Among them, four conical flasks, each of the flask was poured with 150 ml sterile distilled water and rest four conical flasks were poured with 200 ml sterile distilled water to prepare 25% and 20% concentrations respectively. The mixture was homogenized in orbital shaker at 250 rev/min and 25ºC for 14 days under dark condition. After 14 days, the homogeneous solution was filtered with cheese cloth and the extracts were used to conduct the experiment (Martin et al., 2013). To obtain NCT, 400 gm of compost was kept in an air- tight container at 25⁰C for 14 days under dark condition. After 14 days, above (ACT preparation) same procedures were followed to prepare 25% and 20% concentrations respectively. The mixture was homogenized in an orbital shaker at 250 rev/min and 25 °C for 10 minutes for homogenize the solution. To get aerated or non-aerated compost tea media, the basic PDA media was modified by using aerated or non- aerated compost teas at 15% concentration. The fungi were grown on modified PDA (17 ml basic PDA media and 3 ml aerated compost tea) medium, each petridish containing 20 ml of modified media. Basic PDA media with 15% sterilized distilled water was used as control. After completion of 80% radial growth in control treatment, mycelial characters such as shape, structure, texture, and colony color of top view and reverse view were observed visually and recorded. Completely randomized design was followed for conducting experiment. Five replications were used for each treatment. The data were statistically analyzed using STAR (Statistical Tool for Agricultural Research) computer program and means were compared following Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(2): 142–147, 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v17i2.41936

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Overall, results from this study showed that both ACT and NCT provided a significant inhibition of the mycelial growth of soil-borne pathogens as well as seed- borne pathogens. Among the five Phytopathogens highest inhibition was found in S. rolfsii. So, compost tea could play important role to suppress the pathogenic activity of S. rolfsii. Future work will be attempted to identify more accurate concentration and application procedure to suppress diseases and enhancing plant growth in field condition

Knowledge Management: Journal