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Effect of Sulphur on the Seed Yield and Oil Content of Sesame (sesamum Indicum L.)

Swapan Kumar Paul
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Mosa. Morsheda Khatun
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Md. Abdur Rahman Sarkar
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Sulphur is a component of plant amino acids, proteins, vitamins, and enzyme structures which influence the productivity of oil seed and total oil content. The experiment was conducted to find out the effect of sulphur on the seed yield and oil content of sesame in Bangladesh. The experiment comprised three varieties of sesame viz. Binatil-2, Binatil-3 and BARI Til-4 and six levels of sulphur (S) viz. 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 kg S ha^–1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Dry matter production, crop characters, yield components, seed yield and oil content were significantly influenced by variety, level of sulphur and their interaction. The highest dry matter production plant^–1at 50 DAS (17.56 g), plant height (101.3 cm), number of branches plant^–1 (3.66), number of pods plant^–1 (41.56), number of seeds pod–1 (58.83), seed yield (747.2 kg ha^–1), stover yield (2243.0 kg ha^–1) and oil content (40.03%) were obtained in BARI Til-4 while the corresponding lowest values of all parameters were recorded in Binatil-2. In case of sulphur application, the highest dry matter production plant^–1 at 50 DAS (20.81 g), plant height (109.7 cm), number of branches plant^–1 (3.87), number of pods plant^–1 (46.13), number of seeds pod-1 (56.67), seed yield (800.0 kg ha^–1), stover yield (2787 kg ha^–1 ) and oil content (43.97%) were obtained when crop was fertilized with 30 kg S ha^–1 while the lowest seed yield (502.2 kg ha^–1), stover yield (1550.0 kg ha^–1) and oil content (32.80%) were obtained in control (0 kg S ha^–1). BARI Til-4 fertilized with 30 kg S ha^–1 produced the highest dry matter plant^–1 at 50 DAS (24.80 g), number of pods plant^–1 (51.13), seeds pod^–1 (62.0) and seed yield (1011.0 kg ha^–1). The highest oil content (43.97%) was also recorded in BARI Til-4 fertilized with 30 kg S ha^–1, which was as good as that of BARI Til-4 fertilized with 40 kg S ha^–1. Therefore, BARI Til-4 fertilized with 30 kg S ha^–1 can be considered as a promising practice in respect of seed yield and oil content of sesame in Bangladesh.

Keywords: Variety, sulphur, yield, oil content, sesame

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-03-2016

End Date: 00-06-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Sesame, Fertilizer

Objectives:

This study was undertaken to study the effect of sulphur on the growth, yield and oil content of three sesame varieties.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during March to June 2016. The experimental site was located at 24.7°N latitude and 90.50°E longitude with an altitude of 18 m above the mean sea level. The research field belongs to the agroecological zone of the Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (AEZ-9). The soil of the research field belongs to the Sonatola series of non-calcareous dark grey floodplain soil. The experiment comprised three popular sesame varieties viz. Binatil-2 (V1), Binatil-3 (V2) and BARI Til-4 (V3) and six sulphur (S) levels viz. 0 (S0), 10 (S10), 20 (S20), 30 (S30), 40 (S40) and 50 (S50) kg S ha^–1. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The experimental unit was divided into 3 blocks with 18 unit plots of size 5.0 m × 2.0 m in each block. The land was prepared by ploughing and cross ploughing with country plough followed by laddering. The corner of the land was spaded and visible large clods were broken into small pieces. Weeds and stubble were removed from the field. The layout of the experiment was done in accordance with the design adopted. The crop was fertilized with 120 kg urea ha^–1, 140 kg triple super phosphate (TSP) ha-1, 70 kg muriate of potash (MoP) ha^–1, 2.5 kg zincoxide (ZnO) ha^-1. Gypsum was used as source of S as per treatment specification. The whole amount of TSP, MOP, ZnO, 50% of urea and required amount of gypsum were applied at final land preparation. The remaining urea was applied at 25 days after seed germination. Seeds of sesame (6 kg ha^–1) were sown in 25 cm apart rows on 10 March 2016 in 2-3 cm deep furrows made by hand rake. After establishment, the crop was thinned by keeping only healthy seedling at 5 cm distance in each row. Two hand weeding were done at 20 and 45 days after sowing (DAS). The crop was infested with hopper (Heliothis armigera) at the reproductive stage, which was successfully controlled by spraying insecticide Limida 17.8% SL at the rate of 3.375 ml 10 L^–1 of water.

To measure dry matter production plant^–1, five plants were randomly uprooted at 50 DAS (excluding border rows and central 1 m × 1 m harvest area), and oven dried until constant weight was reached. At harvest, five sample plants plot-1 were collected (excluding boarder row and central 1 m2) to record data on yield components. Central 1 m² area in each plot was harvested, threshed and seeds and stover were sun dried and weighed to record the yield in kg ha^–1. The oil content was estimated by Soxhlet apparatus method following the procedure of Singh et al. (1960). The collected data were analyzed statistically using “Analysis of Variance” with MSTATC computer programm and the difference among treatment means were adjudged by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: J Bangladesh Agril Univ 17(1): 33–38, 2019

Article Link (Online Journal): https://doi.org/10.3329/jbau.v17i1.40660

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Under the perspective of present experimentation, all the varieties of sesame included in the study exhibited an increasing trend in seed yield and oil content with increased level of S from 0 kg to 30 kg ha^–1. BARI Til-4 produced the highest seed yield and oil content (%) when fertilized with 30 kg S ha–1 followed by Binatil-3 and Binatil-2. Still the latter two varieties may express their promising performance in other location specific differential environmental conditions. In this study BARI Til-4 fertilized with 30 kg S ha^–1appears as a promising practice in respect of seed yield and oil content of sesame in Bangladesh. Therefore, sesame growers can be select BARI Til-4 along with 30 kg S ha^–1 for maximizing yield and oil content.

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