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Genetic Variability, Character Association and Path Analysis of Yield and Its Component Traits in Maize (zea Mays L.)

M. N. Huda
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

M. S. Hossain
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

M. Sonom
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka during March to June, 2014 to study the genetic variability, correlation and path co-efficient analysis for yield and yield contributing characters of maize. In this experiment 25 maize genotypes were used as experimental materials. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Mean performance, variability, correlation matrix and path analysis on different yield contributing characters and yield of maize genotypes were estimated. The highest grain yield/plant (272.21 g) was recorded in the genotype of BARI Hybrid Maize-6, whereas the lowest grain yield/plant (180.40 g) from the genotype of NZ-003. Phenotypic coefficient of variation was higher than the genotypic coefficient of variation for all the yield contributing traits. In correlation study, significant positive association was recorded for grain yield/plant of maize genotypes with plant height (0.235), tassel height (0.359), number of grains/cob (0.854), cob length (0.390), cob diameter (0.313) and weight of 1000-grains (0.689). Path analysis revealed that days to initiation of male flower had positive direct effect (0.132), days to initiation of female flower had negative direct effect (-0.254), days to maturity had positive direct effect (0.178), plant height had positive direct effect (0.314), tassel height had positive direct effect (0.234), ear length had positive direct effect (0.197), number of grains/cob had negative direct effect (-0.095), cob length had positive direct effect (0.167), cob diameter had positive direct effect (0.168) and that weight of 1000- grains had positive direct effect (0.217) on yield / plant.

Keywords: Maize, Variability, Correlation, Path analysis

Location: Sher-e- Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka.

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Maize

Objectives:

The study was conducted to know the yield potentiality of different maize genotypes, to know the nature of association of traits, direct and indirect relation between yield contributing characters of maize genotypes and to screen out the suitable maize genotypes for future breeding program.

Methodology:

The field experiment was conducted during the period of March to June, 2014.The present research work was conducted in the experimental area of Sher-e- Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka.The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The total area of the experimental plot was 1557.5 m² with length 89.0 m and width 17.5 m. The total area was divided into three equal blocks. Each block was divided into 25 plots where 25 maize genotypes were allotted at random. There were 75 unit plots altogether in the experiment. The size of the each plot was 4.5 m × 3.0 m. The distance maintained between two blocks and two plots were 1.0 m and 0.5 m, respectively.Green manure and decomposed organic matter are used @ of 6.0 ton /hectare before final land preparation. The chemical fertilizers such as Urea, TSP, MOP, Gypsum, Boric acid and Zinc sulphate were applied in the rows at the rate of 50-195-35-100-10-10 and 10 kg/ha respectively as basal doze. The rest 120 kg Urea was applied in three equal splits (i.e. 40 kg/splits) at 25, 45 and 65 days after planting as side dressing, 3-5 cm away from the plant and the furrows of the fertilizer are hilled up immediately. At the time of third dressing of Urea 35 kg of MOP (rest) was also used.In this experiment 25 maize genotypes were used as experimental materials which were produced in the 2012-2013 cropping season, and the purity and germination percentage were leveled as 94% and 91%, respectively.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 29(1): 21-30, 2016

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It could be concluded from the foregoing discussion that seven trait viz., days to initiation of male flower, days to maturity, plant height (cm), tassel height (cm) , ear length (cm), cob length (cm) and cob diameter (mm) had direct and positive effect on grain yield per cob. On the other hand, days to maturity, plant height (cm), tassel height (cm) , ear length (cm), cob length (cm) and cob diameter (mm) showed high positive and direct effect on grain yield per cob. There are much scope of improvement of yield if selection pressure is exerted on days to maturity, plant height (cm), tassel height (cm), ear length (cm), cob length (cm) and cob diameter (mm) .

Knowledge Management: Journal