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Genetic Diversity of Potato (solanum Tuberosum L.)

M. H. Rahman
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

M. S. Islam
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

M. Sonom
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted with twenty one genotypes of potato at the experimental farm of Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka during the period from November 2014 to March 2015 to estimate the genetic variability and diversity among the genotypes. The experiment was conducted using Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. All the genotypes varied significantly with each other for all the studied characters indicated the presence of considerable variations among the genotypes studied As per PCA, D² and clusters analysis the genotypes were grouped into five different clusters. Clusters III had the maximum nine and cluster II and V had the minimum one genotype. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between I and V and the lowest was observed between IV and V. Genotypes in cluster I showed the maximum performance for number of leaves per plant, chlorophyll percentage, weight of individual potato and firmness. Cluster II showed maximum performance for total soluble sugar. Cluster III recorded the highest mean performance for dry matter. Cluster IV showed the maximum performance for number of potato per hill, weight of potato per hill and yield. Cluster V showed the maximum performance for specific gravity. Considering this idea and other characteristic performances, G₈ (Shada pakri) and G₁₇ (Shil bilati) from cluster IV; G₄ (BARI-TPS-1) from cluster II; and G₆ (Asterix), G₂₁ (Granola) , G₁ (Cardinal) and G₂ (Diamant) from cluster I might be considered better parents for efficient hybridization programme.

Keywords: Genetic diversity; Cluster analysis; D2 statistics; Potato.

Location: Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Dhaka and Dinajpur, Bogra, Joypurhat.

Start Date: 00-00-2014

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Potato

Objectives:

The study was taken to study the nature and extent of association of genetic variability in potato genotypes for growth, yield and quality parameters, to asses genetic diversity among the genotypes and to find out the best genotype for further use in breeding programme.

Methodology:

The research work was conducted at the Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University Farm, Dhaka-1207, Bangladesh during the period from 12 November, 2014 to 31 April, 2015. The study was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three (3) replications. The plot size was 150 m². A distance of 1.0 m from block to block, 60 cm from row to row and 25 cm from plant to plant was maintained. Twenty one (21) genotypes of potato were used for the present research work. The genetically pure and physically healthy tuber of these genotypes were collected Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur, Dhaka and Dinajpur, Bogra, Joypurhat. The name and source of these genotypes are presented. Total cow dung, vermicompost, gypsum, magnesium sulphate, borax and triple super phosphate (TSP) were applied in the field during final land preparation. Half Urea and half muriate of potash (MOP) were applied in the plot after 30 DAP. Remaining urea and muriate of potash (MOP) were applied after 50 DAP. The tuber were planted in the field on 15 November, 2014. The planted tuber were watered regularly to make a firm relation with roots and soil to stand along. All recommended agronomic package of practices were followed to grow a healthy crop. . Data on ten random sample plants selected from each plot were recorded on ten characters viz., Plant height (cm), Number of leaves/ plant _, Number of stems /hill, Leaf area index, Chlorophyll content of leaves (SPAD value ), Stem diameter (cm), Dry matter content (%),Number of tuber /hill^, Average weight of tuber (g), Yield of tuber/ plant (g), Yield /hectare (ton), Specific gravity (gcm^-3), Total soluble solids (TSS), Firmness, Number of eye/tuber. According to Singh and Chaudhury (1985), One-way ANOVA (Completely randomized Design) was done with the mean data of all the replication subjected. Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was performed to test the differences between genotypes, following the method of Stel and Torrie (1960).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Pl. Breed. Genet., 29(1): 39-43, 2016

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Funding Source:

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Achievement/Findings:

Therefore considering the magnitude of genetic distance and agronomic performances, the genotypes from the clusters I and V should be prioritized in future breeding program for having higher fruit yield. It is suggested that selection of genotypes from these more diversified groups would give better segregation when they are crossed. The greater genetic distance among the genotypes due to these characters in cluster would also offer prime scope for the development of high yielding potato variety.

Knowledge Management: Journal