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Screening for Drought and Heat Tolerance in Wheat Genotypes by Morphological and Ssr Markers

Nihar Ranjan Saha
Former MS Student
Biotechnology Division, BAU, Mymensingh

Dr. Md. Shahidul Haque
Professor
Biotechnology Division, BAU, Mymensingh

Dr. Md. Tariqul Islam
Principal Scientific Officer and Head
Crop Physiology Division, Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture, BAU Campus, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Ten wheat genotypes were grown in pots under control (100% FC for drought and normal temperature for heat) and treatment (30% FC for drought and 35^oC temperature for heat) conditions. Drought treatment was applied when three leaves were fully expanded up to harvesting periods and heat treatment was imposed 5 days after anthesis conducted in a plant growth chamber for 3 days. The Sonalika, Sourav and BARI gom-28 performed as drought tolerant and BARI gom-29, BARI gom-30 and BARI gom-28 as heat tolerant based on morphological characters. Twenty six wheat genotypes were characterized by thirteen and seven SSR markers associated with drought and heat tolerance respectively. A total of 73 and 44 alleles were detected among the 26 wheat genotypes with average of 5.62 and 6.28 alleles per locus for drought and heat related SSR marker respectively. Overall polymorphism information content (PIC) and Nei’s gene diversity, 0.69 and 0.73 for drought as well as 0.68 and 0.72 for heat experiment, respectively. Similarity indices based cluster analysis separated 26 genotypes into different clusters. Two drought tolerant genotypes Sourav and Sonalika and two intermediate tolerant Durum and Pavon-76 were in cluster I whereas two heat tolerant genotypes BARI gom-29 and BARI gom-30 and one moderate tolerant genotype BARI gom-22 were in cluster 2.

Keywords: Wheat, Drought, Heat, Morphology, SSR marker

Location: BINA farm, Mymensingh

Start Date: 01-11-2017

End Date: 31-03-2018

Program Area: Risk Management in Agriculture

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

To evaluate the physiological responses of wheat genotypes to induced drought and heat stress, to characterize the wheat genotypes based on SSR markers and to screen the wheat genotypes for drought and heat stress

Methodology:

The experiment was carried out at BINA, Mymensingh during November 2017 to March 2018. Ten selected locally cultivated wheat genotypes were grown in pots under control (100% FC for drought and normal temperature for heat) and treatment (30% FC for drought and 35^oC temperature for heat) conditions. Each pot contained 10 kg of soil. On 20^th November, 2017 seeds were sown. Recommended fertilizers and cultural practices were followed. The experiment was conducted in Completely Randomized design with three replications. Drought treatment was applied when three leaves were fully expanded up to harvesting periods and heat treatment was imposed 5 days after anthesis conducted in a plant growth chamber conditions at 35^oC for 3 days where humidity was maintained 70%. Twenty six wheat genotypes were used in molecular screening for drought and heat tolerance and these varieties were characterized by thirteen and seven SSR markers associated with drought and heat tolerance respectively. A total of 73 and 44 alleles were detected among the 26 wheat genotypes with average of 5.62 and 6.28 alleles per locus for drought and heat related SSR marker respectively. Overall polymorphism information content (PIC) and Nei’s gene diversity, 0.69 and 0.73 for drought as well as 0.68 and 0.72 for heat experiment, respectively. Similarity indices based cluster analysis separated 26 genotypes into different clusters.

Source of Information: MS thesis submitted by Nihar Ranjan Saha, Roll No. 17 BT JD-06M, Semester: July-December 2018, Reg. No. 47303, Session: 2017-18, BAU, Mymensingh.

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Sourav and Sonalika were found drought tolerant, Durum and Pavon-76 were moderate and BARI gom-29 and BARI gom-30 were found heat tolerant and BARI gom-22 was moderate based on morphological and molecular analysis.

Knowledge Management: Thesis