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Effect of Di-ammonium Hydrogen Phosphate on Jute Fabric for Fire Resistance

Ayesha Khatton
Senior Scientific Officer
BJRI, Manik Mia Aveneu, Dhaka-1207

Muhammad Mubarak Hossen
Senior Scientific Officer
BJRI, Manik Mia Aveneu, Dhaka-1207

Nayer Sultana
Senior Scientific Officer
BJRI, Manik Mia Aveneu, Dhaka-1207

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Over the years, technologies have been used for the development of various textile products to meet the consumer demands in different fields as per their end-use specifications. The market sustainability of each new product mainly depends on the raw material as well as its functionality. A functional finishing dictates the end-use of the products as well as enhances the life of the products. There are important historical and economic reasons for the fact that, the science and technology of flame retardant for cellulose fibres are more advanced than for other fibres and polymers. Until perhaps 25 years ago, an overwhelming proportion of all textiles used were made of cellulose fibres. Jute is one of the important natural cellulosic fibers and used for diversified product. Similar to cotton, jute fiber has the potential to impart different functionality by different chemical finishing for its diversification. This project has been taken to improve the flameproof property of jute fabrics. Jute fabrics were treated with Di-Ammonium Hydrogen Phosphate by various concentrations under certain condition. The study was conducted at the Industrial Chemistry Department, Chemistry Division, Textile Physics Division and Pilot Plant and Processing Division of Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka, Bangladesh during 2017-2019. It was found that desized jute fabric gives the best flame proofed (Completely resistance to both after flaming and after glowing) than the sized jute fabrics without undesirable loss of the tensile strength.

Keywords: Jute Fabric, Flameproof, Desized, Scouring, Retardant

Location: Industrial Chemistry Department, Chemistry Division, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka.

Start Date: 01-01-2017

End Date: 30-06-2019

Program Area: Physical and Mechanical Properties

Commodity: Jute products

Objectives:

To find out textile finishing and proofing process for imparting flameproof finishes to jute fabric to prepare jute finished products for diversified textile uses of jute.

Methodology:

In this work, we had been used two types of fabrics, these are: Sized and Desized jute fabrics. Desizing: Desizing was done with 2-3 gm/lit with diastase at temperature of 50°-60°C for 45 minutes bearing liquor ratio 1:20 then washed with water and dried at ambient temperature. Scouring: To remove the dirt, wax, oil and fatty acids from the fabric. Firstly fabric was scoured by standard method with a solution of 3% sodium carbonate,1%sodium hydroxide, 1% wetting agent at 80°-90°C in bath for one hour bearing liquor ratio 1:20. It was then washed with water and dried at ambient temperature [11-12]. Twelve samples (sized and desized) were treated with different concentration of Di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate solution (20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40% & 45%) in a mini padding machine Liquor pick-up: The liquor pick up was determined for each of the samples. The liquor pick up of the treatment process was determined by weight of samples before padding and after padding according to the following formula; Liquor pick up = (weight of sample after padding - weight of sample before padding) X 100/weight of sample before padding.Flame test: The Flame test was performed by the vertical Spread method of Flame Test. The vertical flame test is the most severe test. The criteria evolutions are char length, after flame removal and after vanishing of glow. Fabric specimen dimensions are 1.5* 72 in, conditioned at 70° F and 65% relative humidity. The specimen mounted in a holder kept in a cabinet, is subjected to standard flame (gas burner) at its lower edge, under controlled condition. The fabric specimen is suspended in a vertical position and flame is applied along the fabric width. The rate of sample spread is recorded and the flaming time, after glow time and char lengths are measured [13-15]. Tensile strength: the tensile strength of the treated samples was measured by the standard method (Booth, 1996). Room temperature was maintained as follows: Temp= 20°±2°C, Humidity=65% ± 2%. Storage test: Effect of storage on the flame proofness and tensile strength of the treatment fabrics were observed up to three months.

Source of Information: Science Journal of Energy Engineering Volume 7, Issue 4, December 2019, Pages: 63-66

Article Link (Online Journal): Annual Technical Report, Bangladesh Jute Research Institute, Dhaka.

Funding Source:

1. Bangladesh Agricultural Research Council

Budget: 3,00,000.00

Total Budget (Tk.) : 3,00,000.00

Achievement/Findings:

In this study, the effects of Di-ammonium hydrogen phosphate with varying concentrations were observed on the flame retardancy of 100% jute fabrics. Satisfactory flame retardancy was achieved through chemical treatment with some loss of tensile strength. The tensile strength further decreases with store time. Further work is being continued to impart better fire resistant property to the fabrics.

Knowledge Management: Journal