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Abundance of Arthropod Insect Pests and Natural Enemies in Rice Field as Influenced by Rice Growth Stages and Neighboring Crops

P. Mukherjee
Department of Entomology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh

M. M. H. Khan
Department of Entomology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Studies were conducted to record the abundance of arthropod insect pests and natural enemies in rice fields as influenced by rice growth stages and neighboring crops at the experimental farm of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU), Dumki, Patuakhali during 2012 in Boro rice season following randomized complete block design. Results indicated that rice- tree habitat showed the highest abundance of leafhoppers (100.75) followed by cricket (16.50), grasshoppers (15.25) and stink bugs (15.25). The lowest abundance of all insect pests was in rice-sesame habitat. No significant differences were found on the abundance of rice bug, rice hispa and stem borer populations. At seedling stage, the highest abundance of leafhopper (94.25) was recorded followed by grasshopper (47.00) and stink bug (26.50) while the lowest was stem borer (0.57) and rice hispa (6.00). At early tillering stage, maximum number of grasshopper (17.25) was recorded followed by cricket (7.00). At maximum tillering stage, the highest abundance of leafhoppers (122.5) was obtained followed by rice bug (62.00) and the lowest was the stink bug (7.00). At panicle initiation stage, the highest abundance of rice bug (334.00) was recorded which was followed by leafhoppers (65.25) and the lowest was the cricket (15.75). No population of rice hispa and stem borer was recorded at maximum tillering and panicle initiation stages. In case of natural enemies, the highest abundance of lady bird beetle (45.27) and damselfly (16.73) was found in rice-rice habitat. The highest abundance of ichneumonid wasp (57.53) was in rice-tree habitat and ground beetle (28.80) was in rice- sesame habitat. No significant differences were observed on the abundance of dragonfly, spider and dipteran fly among different habitats. Among different growth stages of rice plant, significantly the highest abundance of lady bird beetle was recorded at maximum tillering stage. The highest abundance of ichneumonid wasp and ground beetle was recorded at seedling stage. The highest abundance of damselfly, spider and dipteran fly was at early tillering stage. No significant difference was observed on the abundance of dragonfly among different rice growth stages.

Keywords: Abundance, Insect pest, Natural enemies, Neighbouring crop, Rice, Gowth stage.

Location: At the experimental farm of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU), Dumki, Patuakhali

Start Date: 00-01-2012

End Date: 00-06-2012

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insects, Rice

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to assess the abundance of insect pests and these natural enemies in rice fields as influenced by rice growth stage and neighbouring crops.

Methodology:

The studies were conducted to record the abundance of arthropod insect pests and natural enemies in rice fields as influenced by rice growth stages and neighboring crops at the experimental farm of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU), Dumki, Patuakhali during the period from January to June 2012 in Boro rice following randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. The rice variety, BRRI dhan29 was used for the study. A variety of non-rice crops viz., sesame and maize were grown widely along with rice as a neighbouring crops. To study the effect of different adjacent crop habitats on the abundance of rice arthropod population in rice fields, 4 types of rice fields were selected. These were: (a) rice field adjacent to sesame field designated as rice-sesame habitat, (b) rice field adjacent to maize field designated as rice-maize habitat, (c) rice field adjacent to trees designated as rice-tree habitat and (d) rice field adjacent to rice field designated as rice-rice habitat. Crop production procedure and other intercultural operations were done. No pesticide was used in the experimental fields.

Data collection
The insect pests of rice and their natural enemies were collected by a fine mesh nylon sweep net. Sweeping was done from the plant canopy level including the interspaces between plants and close to basal region of the plants as far as possible. In each field, l0 complete sweeps were made to collect the insect pests and their natural enemies. Sampling was done at four stages of rice viz. at seedling, early tillering, maximum tillering and panicle initiation stages. Sampling was done during morning hours at all study fields on all sampling dates. The insect pests and natural enemies of l0 complete sweeps from each field were collected separately in labeled container. The samples were sorted, counted and identified in the laboratory of the Department of Entomology, PSTU under microscope.

Statistical analysis
The data collected on different parameters used in the experiment were statistically analyzed to obtain the level of significance using the MSTAT-C computer package programme developed by Russell (1986). The analysis of variance (ANOVA) of the results on various insect pests and natural enemies was done after square root transformation (y=√x). The means were compared by Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(2): 309-319, June 2017 ISSN 0258-7122 (Print), 2408-8293 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

In case of different rice growth stages, the present study indicated that the abundance of most of the insect pests is high at panicle initiation stage where rice yellow stem borer population is highest at early tillering stage In present study, the highest rice bug population was found at panicle initiation stage Some leaf feeders like grasshopper, rice hispa population showed the highest abundance at seedling stage The abundance of leafhopper population was the highest at maximum tillering stage which was more or less similar with the result of BRRI (1985) where highest leafhopper population was found at early heading stage. Among different rice growth stages, the present study showed that the abundance of natural enemies was the highest at seedling stage where spider population was the highest at early tillering stage In case of ladybird beetle (Micraspis spp) the highest population was found at maximum tillering. The main factors influencing spider spatial distribution in rice fields were spider dispersal level and reproduction, the number of net- weaving spiders and wandering spiders, the number of main target pests and their distribution, variations of habitats and farming practices, density of spider populations and extent of inter-specific competition in rice fields.

Knowledge Management: Journal