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Effectiveness of Some Selected Insecticides and Botanicals Against Okra Shoot and Fruit Borer

M. A. Mazed
Department Agricultural Extension, Dhaka, Bangladesh

M. Z. Alam
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. R. U. Miah
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. S. Hossain
Department of Entomology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur, Bangladesh

M. A. Awal
Department Agricultural Extension, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of some selected insecticides and botanicals against okra shoot and fruit borer Earias vittella F. under field conditions. The insecticides tested were Relothrin 10EC @ 1ml l^-1, Marshal 20EC @ 2ml l^-1and Riva 2.5 EC @ ml l^-1; and the botanicals were NSKE @ 50g l^-1, Neem leaf extract @ 100g l^-1 and Bishkatali leaf extract @ 100g l^-1. An additional treatment of Mechanical control (hand picking) and an untreated control were maintained in the experiment for comparison. All treatments were applied at 15 days interval. Shoot infestation was the lowest in Marshal 20EC treated plot (4.34% at pre-fruiting and 3.55% at fruiting stage) and the highest was in untreated control plot (21.4%). The lowest fruit infestation by okra shoot and fruit borer was obtained with Marshal 20EC (5.07% n/n and 3.65% w/w) followed by Relothrin 10EC (5.43% n/n and 4.27% w/w) and the highest infestation was observed under untreated control plot (19.67% n/n and 19.81% w/w). The reduction of fruit infestation over untreated control ranged from 56.93-81.55% by number and 43.47-74.22% by weight. The highest marketable yield (10.46 t ha-1) was obtained in Marshal 20EC treated plot followed by in Relothrin 10EC 10.30 t ha^-1 with the maximum benefit cost ratio (BCR) 6.72.

Keywords: Insecticides, Botanicals, Earias vittella, Okra, Okra shoot, Fruit borer.

Location: Experimental farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-03-2010

End Date: 00-07-2010

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insecticide

Objectives:

To evaluate the effectiveness of three insecticides and three botanicals for effective and economic management of E. vittella in okra field.

Methodology:

The study was conducted in the experimental farm of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU), Gazipur during March to July 2010. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The unit plot size was 3m X 2m and separated by 1m and block to block distance was 2m.

Growing of okra
Seeds of okra cultivar Arka Anamika were soaked in water for 24 hours and sown in the pit in the field. Two to three seeds were sown in each pit maintaining line to line distance of 60 cm and finally plant to plant distance 40 cm. Each unit plot received 21 plants. Gap filling was done by transplanting seedlings from the stock. Manures and fertilizers were applied according to Rashid (1999) and intercultural operations such as irrigation, weeding, mulching, thinning and other operations were done accordingly. One spray with Imitaf 20 SL @ 0.25 ml l^-1 water within 30 days after seed sowing (DAS) was done to control whitefly (Bemisia tabaci).

Preparation of botanicals
Neem seed karnel extract: Mature seeds of neem (Azadirachta indica) were collected, sun dried and grounded into powder. The powder was soaked in water @ 50g/300 ml of water for overnight. The mixture was filtered through nylon net and maintained the volume of 1000 ml. Biskatali and neem leaf extract: Fresh Bishkatali (Polygonum hydropiper) and neem leaves (Azadirachta indica) were collected for the preparation of leaf extract one day before application. The leaves were cut into small pieces and 500g leaves were blended thoroughly in an electric blender. The blended leaves were mixed with two liters of water and the mixture was kept overnight to enhance extraction. The mixture was then sieved and maintained the volume at 5 liters.

Application of treatments
The experimental field was monitored regularly to observe the initiation of infestation When the pest caused approximately 2% shoot infestation, the application of treatments was started. The experimental treatments were Marshal (Carbosulphan) 20EC @ 2ml l^-1, Ripcord (Cypermethrin) 10EC @ 1ml l^-1 water, Riva 2.5EC (Lambda-cyhallothrin) @ 1ml l^-1water, Neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) @ 50 g l^-1 water, Neem leaf extract @ 100g l^-1 water, Bishkatali leaf extract @ 100g l^-1 water, Mechanical control (hand picking). All the treatments were applied at 15 days interval and repeated 4 times up to last harvest.

Collection and analysis of data
Data on shoot infestation and fruit yield by number were recorded. Total number of shoots and the number of infested shoots were recorded from 5 plants randomly selected in each plot at before flowering, after flowering to fruit initiation and at fruiting stages at 7 days interval. The number of healthy and infested fruits and their weight per plot were recorded at each harvest. The infestation of the pest was expressed in percentage based on total number of shoot and fruit (n/n) and weight (w/w) of fruit. The cumulative yield (g) per plot of healthy as well as infested fruits was computed. The final yield was expressed in ton per hectare. For economic analysis, BCR was calculated on the basis of total expenditure of the respective spray schedule along with the total return from that particular spray schedule. The data were analyzed statistically by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the means were separated by using Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(2): 353-362, June 2017

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The findings of the present study indicated that the insecticide Relothrin 10EC, Marshal 20EC and Riva 2.5EC are effective to manage infestation of okra shoot and fruit borer in okra. The result of this study reveal that NSKE showed effective result in suppressing okra shoot and fruit borer infestation and also cost effective. Although it provides moderate level of economic benefit but it has no hazard to health and environment compared to insecticide application.

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