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Efficacy of Insecticides in Controlling Pod Borer (helicoverpa Armigera Hubner) Infesting Chickpea

Md. Shahiduzzaman
Scientific Officer
Regional Pulses Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Madaripur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

A field experiment was carried out at the Regional Pulses Research Station of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Madaripur, Bangladesh during rabi season of 2013-14 and 2014-15 to select effective insecticides to control pod borer (Helicoverpa armigera Hubner) of chickpea (Cicer arietinum). Signinificantly the highest insect infestation and yield loss were recorded from untreated control. Spray with every insecticide for 3 times at 7 days interval reduced insect infestation and yield loss significantly over control in both years. Reduction in insect infestation was 11.77-18.77% and 6.34-13.34% and yield loss was 280-393-168-281 kgha^-1 in 2013-14 and 2014-15, respectively. The highest grain yield was obtained with Tracer 45 SC (Spinosad) (1177 kgha^-1) followed by Volium Flexi 300 SC (Thiamethaxam) (1045 kgha^-1) and Belt 24 WG (Flubendiamide) (1020 kgha-1) in first year. In second year, Tracer 45 SC produced maximum yield (1396 kgha^-1) followed by Volium Flexi 300 SC (1315 kgha^-1) and Admire 200 SL (Imidacloprid) (1300 kgha^-1). In 2013-14, the highest benefit cost ratio (3.39) was obtained with Volium Flexi 300 SC followed by Belt 24 WG (2.65) and Admire 200 SL (1.67). In 2014-15, the highest benefit cost ratio was also obtained with Voilum Flexi 300 SC (2.38) followed by Admire 200 SL (1.79) and Belt 24 WG (1.63). Comparing two years data considering highest profit, Volium Flexi 300 SC might be applied @ 0.05% at an interval of 7 days to the crop for three times.

Keywords: Insecticides, Pod borer, Chickpea

Location: The experiment was conducted in the experimental farm of the Regional Pulses Research Station (RPRS) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Madaripur, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2013

End Date: 00-00-2015

Program Area: Pest Management

Commodity: Insecticide, Chickpea

Objectives:

To find out effective and suitable insecticides against pod borer infesting chickpea and to ensure economic production.

Methodology:

Five insecticides, namely Admire 200 SL (Imidacloprid) (0.05%), Belt 24 WG (Flubendiamide) (0.04%), Tracer 45 SC (Spinosad) (0.04%), Volium Flexi 300 SC (Thiamethaxam) (0.05%) and Proclaim 5 SG (Emamectin Benzoate) (0.1%) were tested against pod borer infesting chickpea under field conditions. Each of the insecticides represented a treatment. Plots received no spray with any insecticide represented untreated control. The experiment was conducted in the experimental farm of the Regional Pulses Research Station (RPRS) of Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Madaripur, Bangladesh during the rabi season of 2013-14 and 2014-15. The land was prepared for good tilth using tractor driven cultivator and harrow. After ploughing, debris was removed from the field. NPK fertilizers were applied at final land preparation @ 20-40-20, respectively in the form of urea, triple super phosphate and muriate of potash, respectively. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The unit plot size was 3m × 4m. Seeds of a recommended variety BARI Chola-5 were sown in continuous rows maintaining 40 cm row to row spacing. The seedlings were thinned to have plant to plant distance of 10 cm. Insecticidal suspensions were prepared in tap water and sprayed three times at 7 days interval starting from first appearance of the insects at flowering stage. Intercultural operations were done as and when necessary. Control plots were sprayed with tap water.
The experimental field was visited regularly to record infestation of the insect in treated and untreated control plots. For data collection, 10 plants were selected from middle rows of each unit plot at mature stage. The bored (damaged) and total number of pods found on selected plants was counted and percent pod infestation was computed based on total number of pods. After harvest and sunning, grain weight of each plot was recorded and expressed in yield per hectare. The grain yield loss per hectare due to pod borer infestation of each treatment was calculated using a standard formula based on percent pod infestation of actual yield obtained and expected yield in absence of any pod borer infestation for the respective treatment (Hossain et al., 1999). Yield loss of chickpea due to pod borer = Ye-Ya, where Ya= Actual yield (kgha^-1) and Ye= Expected yield in absence of any infestation.

Ye = (Ya X 100)/(100-P)

Where, P=Percent pod infestation

Net return and benefit cost ratio were calculated by prevailing market price of the commodity. The experimental data were analyzed after arcsine and square root transformation in 2013-14 and 2014-15, respectively. The means were compared using DMRT.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(2): 373-378, June 2017 ISSN 0258-7122 (Print), 2408-8293 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the above discussion, it was found that, spraying of insecticides significantly reduced pod borer infestation in chickpea. Volium Flexi 300 SC (Thiamethaxam) treated plot resulted the lowest grain yield loss but highest yield obtained from Tracer 45 SC (Spinosad) treated plot in both the years. Due to higher price of this insecticide (Tracer 45 SC), BCR reduced than all other insecticides without Proclaim 5 SG. But Volium Flexi 300 SC (Thiamethaxam) offered the highest BCR in both the years. For getting highest profit, Volium Flexi 300 SC (Thiamethaxam) may be applied @ 0.05% at an interval of 7 days for three times.

Knowledge Management: Journal