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Growth and Yield Response of Wheat Genotypes to Salinity at Different Growth Stages

Md Saleh Uddin
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Rahmatpur, Barisal, Bangladesh

Nasrin Jahan
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Rahmatpur, Barisal, Bangladesh

Muhammad Ziaur Rahman
Regional Agricultural Research Station, BARI, Rahmatpur, Barisal, Bangladesh

Kazi Md Wayaz Hossain
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, BAU, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Growth and yield response of wheat genotypes to salinity were studied at Regional Agricultural Research Station, Rahmatpur, Barisal to find out the performance of the genotypes at three growth stages with different salinity levels and to assess the relationship of growth and yield with three growth stages. This experiment performed in a three-factor experiment comprising six genotypes, five doses of salinity (control, 4, 8, 12, 16 dS/m) and three growth stages: vegetative, heading and pod filling. Results revealed that genotype, salinity level and growth stages exhibited highly significant variation for yield and its components. Control was the most appropriate environment in attaining higher yield followed by 4 and 8 dS/m salinity level. Tolerance of wheat increased after heading 60 stages and salt sensitivity of wheat is more in heading stages which is identical with vegetative stage. Grain yields were greatly decreased with salinity increase and the decreases differed depending upon the tolerance of genotype. The yield reduction was observed in G₃₃, a tolerant genotype was 33 % at 16 dS/m and in G₄₅, a susceptible genotype was 106%. Vegetative and heading stages were the most affected stage than grain-filling stage when treated with NaCl salinity.

Keywords: Wheat, Grain yield, Growth stage, Salinity

Location: Experimental Farm of the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Rahmatpur, Barisal

Start Date: 00-00-2009

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Wheat

Objectives:

1. To find out the performance of the genotypes at three growth stages with different salinity levels.

2. To assess the relationship of growth and yield with three growth stages of wheat.

Methodology:

Experimental site- The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm of the Regional Agricultural Research Station, Rahmatpur, Barisal which lies at the 22° 42" North latitude and 90⁰ 23" East longitude at an elevation of 4 meter above the sea level. It belongs to the Non- calcareous Grey Floodplain Soils (Non saline, Ganges Tidal Alluvium) under AEZ 13 (BARI, 2015). Salinity development- The genotypes were grown in pot culture under semi-controlled environment (inside plastic green house) and natural light during the season of 2009-2010. The materials were evaluated under five doses of salinity (control, 4, 8, 12, 16 dS/m) and three growth stages: vegetative, heading and pod filling following a randomized complete block with three replications. Salt solution was prepared artificially by dissolving calculated amount of commercially available NaCl with tap water. The pots were irrigated with 40, 80, 120 and 160 mMNaCl solutions (EC = 4, 8, 12, 16 dS/m, respectively) at vegetative, heading and grain-filling stages. Plants in control were irrigated with tap water (EC =0.8 dS/m). The salt solution was applied with an increment of 40 mM at every alternate day till the respective concentrations were attained to protect the plants from osmotic shock. Treatment solution was applied in excess so that extra solution dripped out from the bottoms of the pots. Treatments at vegetative stage began 12 days after sowing. Salinization at the heading stage was began when first floral buds appeared. For pod filling stage, the treatment solution was applied when maximum grain were in developing stage. Treatments at each stage were continued for 10 days, after which the pots were flushed with tap water to leach out the accumulated salt and the plants were irrigated with tap water until maturity. Observation recorded- The data on plant height (cm), days to heading, days to maturity, number of spikes/plant, number of grains/spike, 1000-grain weight (g) and grain yield/plant were recorded. Data analysis- The collected data were analyzed statistically following Gomez and Gomez (1984) using MSTAT-C statistical pakage.

Source of Information: International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, Vol. 11, No. 2, p. 60-67, 2017

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.innspub.net

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

G₄₀, G₃₃ and G₂₂ were the most tolerant genotypes across all salinity levels and under three growth stages. Control was the most appropriate environment in attaining higher yield followed by 4 and 8 dS/m salinity level. Tolerance of wheat increased after heading stages and salt sensitivity of wheat is more in heading stages which is identical with vegetative stage. Grain yields were greatly decreased with salinity increase and the decreases differed depending upon the tolerance of genotype. The yield reduction was in G₃₃, a tolerant genotype was 33% at 16 dS/m and in G₄₅, a susceptible genotype was 106%. Vegetative and heading stages were the most affected stage than grain-filling stage when treated with NaCl salinity.

Knowledge Management: Journal