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Effects of Planting Dates on Growth and Yield of Winter Onion

Minackhi Paul Misu
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Md. Abdur Rahim
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Kawsar Hossen
Department of Agriculture, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh

Md.Rezaul Karim
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Md. Morshedul Islam
Department of Horticulture, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was carried out to examine the effect of planting dates on growth and yield of winter onion at USDA-ARS Allium Field Laboratory, Horticulture Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the period from September, 2015 to April, 2016. This study was conducted to find out the suitable date in which growth and yield of onion will maximum. The experiment consisted of three planting dates: 16 th September, 18^th October, 17^th November 2015 and three onion varieties: BARI Piaj 1, BARI Piaj 4 and Taherpuri. The experiment was laid out in the randomized complete block design with three replications. Different dates of planting showed highly significant influence on the growth and yield of onion. September 16 planting gave the highest yield of bulbs (8.95 t/ha) while November 17 planting gave the lowest yield (6.58 t/ha). Variety also has a significant influence on the yield on onion. The highest yield were obtained from the variety BARI Piaj-4 (8.51 t/ha) and the lowest one from BARI Piaj-1 (6.67 t/ha). The combined effect of planting dates and varieties on the growth and yield of onion was statistically significant. The highest bulb yield (9.51 t/ha) was obtained from the combination of BARI Piaj-4 and September 16 planting, and the lowest yield (5.45 t/ha) was recorded from the combination of BARI Piaj 1 and November 17 planting.

Keywords: Planting dates, Growth, Yield, Onion, Winter season

Location: Allium Field Laboratory, Horticulture Farm, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-09-2015

End Date: 00-04-2016

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Onion

Objectives:

To find out the appropriate date of planting and suitable variety for the winter season.

Methodology:

Description of the experimental site- The texture of the soil of the experimental area was silty loam belonging to the Old Brahmaputra Flood Plain Alluvial Tract under AEZ-9. The selected area was a medium high land having soil pH 6.3. Before land preparation, it was well drained with good irrigation facilities. The experimental site is located at 24°N latitude and 91°E longitude having an altitude of 8.3m. The experimental site was under sub-tropical climatic zone which is characterized by heavy rainfall, high humidity, high temperature and relatively during Kharif season (April to September) and scanty rainfall, high temperature and short day period during Rabi season (October to March). Treatments of the experiment-The present experiment included two factors which were as follows: Factor A: Three planting dates: 16 September, 2015: 1^st sowing and 21 November, 2015: 1^st transplanting, 18 October, 2015: 2^nd sowing and 18 December, 2015: 2^nd transplanting and 17 November, 2015: 3^rd sowing and 17 January, 2016: 3^rd transplanting, Factor B: Varieties: It included three winter onion varieties: V₁ = BARI Piaj 1, V₂ = BARI Piaj 4 and V₃ = Local variety, Taherpuri. Design and layout of the experiment- The field experiment consisted of 27 treatment combinations and was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatment combinations were randomly placed to unit plots of each block. The plot size was 1 m x 1 m. The distance between the blocks was 50 cm and between the plots was 50 cm. Crop husbandry- The selected land of the experimental plot was opened on 1^st September 2015, with the help of power tiller and then left for sun drying. After 12 days it was then prepared by several ploughings and cross ploughings followed by-laddering. The following doses of manures and fertilizers were applied in the experimental plots. Well decomposed cowdung 10 ton/ha, Urea 200 kg/ha, Muriate of Potash 148 kg/ha and Triple Super phosphate 90 kg/ha. The whole amount of well decomposed cowdung was applied to the plots and mixed with the soil just after opening the land. The crop of different plantings was harvested on 10^th March 2016, 1^st April 2016 and 29^thApril 2016. Before 7 days of each harvest, when the plants attained maturity by showing drying up of leaves and weakening of necks, the crop was bended at the soil level by hands and kept as such up to harvest to fasten maturity. The onion was lifted with the help of niri. Care was taken so that no bulb was injured during lifting. The bulbs were dried in shade for one day with tops uncut and in the following day tops were separated with knife keeping 2 cm neck. Curing of bulbs was done in a room at ambient temperature for 5 days. Data collection- Data on the following parameters were recorded from the plants during experiment such as Plant height, Number of leaves per plant, Total fresh weight of plant, Fresh weight of leaves, Fresh weight of bulb per plant, Diameter of bulb, Length of bulb, Length of leaves, Dry weight of leaves, Dry weight of bulb per plant and Yield of onion bulb. Data analysis- The collected data on various parameters under study were statistically analyzed using MSTAT package program. The means for all treatments were calculated and analyses of variance of all the characters were performed by F-test. The significance of difference between the pairs of treatment means separated by LSD test at 5% and 1% levels of probability (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: International Journal of Agronomy and Agricultural Research, Vol. 12, No. 1, p. 11-19, 2018

Article Link (Online Journal): http://www.innspub.net

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

From the results of the study, it was observed that the yield and yield component of winter onion were positively influenced by the planting date. Early planting gave the highest yield than late planting. Adequate soil moisture, favorable environment might be the possible reasons for the larger bulb production and highest yield. So, September 16 planting was much better than the November 17 planting. BARI Piaj 4 was the best among three varieties used for the experiment. BARI Piaj 4 gave the highest yield. The treatment combination of BARI Piaj 4 and September 16 planting was found better than any other treatment combination. The present research work was carried out at Mymensingh. Further studies are also needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the varieties and the planting dates other than those used in the experiment in different AEZ of Bangladesh.

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