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Yield Attributes and Yield of Okra as Influenced by Cultivars at Sylhet Region

S. R. Saha
Department of Crop Botany and Tea Production Technology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

A. F. M. S. Islam
Department of Crop Botany and Tea Production Technology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

M. M. Hasan
Department of Crop Botany and Tea Production Technology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

M. M. Rob
Department of Horticulture, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet-3100

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

An experiment was conducted at the field laboratory of Sylhet Agricultural University from May to October 2013 comprising of 8 okra cultivars viz. BARI Dherosh-1 (control), Orka Onamika, Bankim, Durga, JO (Japanese okra)-1, JO-2, JO-3 and JO-4. This study was intended to select the superior okra cultivar(s) based on yield performance in acidic soil conditions. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications and all the cultivars were evaluated in relation to yield and yield attributes. Significant variations were observed in almost all parameters. Results revealed that high yielding cultivars JO-3 and Bankim produced largest fruits, however maximum number of fruits and fruit setting (%) were exhibited by the latter. The cultivars JO-1 and JO-4 showed maximum fruit weight but JO-4 provided highest fruit diameter. The cultivars Bankim followed by JO-3 & JO-4 were evaluated to be promising cultivars at Sylhet regions considering overall performances regarding yield and yield attributes.

Keywords: Okra , Flower production, Yield attributes, Sylhet Region

Location: Field laboratory of Sylhet Agricultural University

Start Date: 00-05-2013

End Date: 00-10-2013

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Okra

Objectives:

The present piece of research work was conducted to evaluate the cultivars performance based on yield and yield attributes of okra with a view to selecting suitable one(s).

Methodology:

The study was conducted at the field laboratory of Sylhet Agricultural University from May to October 2013. The experimental soil belongs to the AEZ-20: Eastern Surma Kushiyara Floodplain. Soil is clay loam type with characterized by acidic (pH 4.83) in nature. The experimental region is characterized by heavy rainfall and high temperature during Kharif season with profound sunshine and cloudy weather. Eight cultivars of Okra (Japanese Okra: JO-1, JO-2, JO-3, & JO-4, Indian okra: Bankim, Durga, Orka Onamika and a local check cultivar (BARI Dherosh-1) were used as experimental materials. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Eight Treatments (Eight cultivars) were randomly allotted in each replication. The total number of plots was 24. The size of the plot was 2.3 m × 1.2 m. The adjacent blocks and neighbouring plots were separated by 0.70 m and 0.50 m, respectively. Okra seeds were sown in lines with a spacing of 0.50 m and 0.45 m for row to row and plant to plant, respectively. Cowdung, urea, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash were applied to the plots for okra cultivation at the rate of 3000, 150, 100 and 150 kg ha-¹ respectively (BARC, 2005). Total amount of cowdung, triple super phosphate, muriate of potash and one third of urea were applied as basal dose during the final land preparation. Remaining urea was applied in two installments as top dressing at 25 days after sowing (DAS) and 40 DAS (days after sowing). The seeds were soaked overnight in the water prior to sowing. Two to three seeds were sown in each pit on 15 May 2013 in the rows. Seven days after germination the weaker seedlings were removed keeping the healthier one in each pit to grow properly. Weeding was done 4 times to keep the plots free from weeds and the soil was mulched by breaking the soil crust for easy aeration and conservation of soil moisture. The plots were watered four times at regular interval during the growth season to keep the field moist for better growth and development of plant. Each node bears a leaf and flower emerges axillary. Different coloured woolen threads were loosely fastened in leaf petioles to record total number of flowers. It was observed that ovary of some flowers aborted in the very next day after emergence. By deducting the aborted fruits, total number of developed fruits were recorded. Data on yield and yield attributes such as days to first flowering, total number of flowers plant^-1, aborted fruits plant^-1, total number of fruits plant^-1, (%) fruit setting, fruit size (cm), individual fruit fresh weight (g), number of seeds fruit^-1, 100-seed weight (g), yield (g) plant^-1 and yield (t ha^-1) were collected. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the MSTAT-C (Russel, 1986) software and the means were separated according to Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT).

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(1): 13–16, 2016

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Achievement/Findings:

The study revealed that a wide range of variability exists among the collected cultivars in respect of yield and yield contributing characters. In future breeding programme of okra could be performed based on these variability to develop a high yielding variety of okra with good quality in our country. These investigations suggest that the cultivars Bankim followed by JO-3 and JO-4 were very promising for better yield at Sylhet region.

Knowledge Management: Journal