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Effect of Variety and Seed Rate of Mungbean on Weed Suppression and Yield Under Strip Tillage System

T. Zahan
Scientific Officer, OFRD, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Gazipur,

M. S. Ali,
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. M. Rahman
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M M. Begum
Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh-2202, Bangladesh

M. R. W. Bell
Murdoch University, Australia

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Mungbean can successfully be grown under strip tillage system if appropriate seeding rate can determine and adjust with machine. Due to high weed pressure in strip tillage system, selection of such mungbean varieties that have some potentialities to suppress weeds need to find out and moreover, determining optimum seed rate for different varieties could help to achieve best yield. Therefore, a study was conducted at Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during March-June, 2013 to study the effect of variety and seed rate on weed suppression and yield performance of mungbean under strip tillage system. The study comprised three mungbean varieties (BARI mung-6, BINA mung-5 and BINA mung-8) and five seed rates (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 kg ha^-1). The experiment was laid out in split-plot design with three replications. The study exposed that variety and seed rate had significant effect on plant population of mungbean, weed dry matter, number of pods plant^-1, pod length, number of seeds pod^-1, seed yield and stover yield of mungbean. The study results clearly found that weed population significantly reduced with increasing seeding rate of mungbean. Seeding of mungbean at 40 kg ha^-1 and 35 kg ha^-1 could successfully suppress weed under strip tillage system. Moreover, BINA mung-8 and BINA mung-5 had the more potentiality to suppress weeds compare to BARI mung-6. However, BINA mung-5 was found the superior among the three tested varieties that produced the highest seed yield from 35 kg ha^-1 seed rate. In case of BARI mung-6 and BINA mung-8, maximum seed yield was also obtained from 35 kg ha^-1 seed rate. Therefore, the study concluded that seeding of any of the three mungbean varieties at 35 kg ha^-1 rate may help to obtain the satisfactory yield but the study suggest cultivation of BINA mung-5 at 35 kg ha^-1 seeding rate under strip tillage system that will give not only the optimum seed yield but also provide good weed suppression.

Keywords: Conservation agriculture, Mungbean, Seed rate, Weed biomass

Location: Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh

Start Date: 00-03-2013

End Date: 00-06-2013

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Mungbean

Objectives:

Therefore, the study concluded that seeding of any of the three mungbean varieties at 35 kg ha-¹rate may help to obtain the satisfactory yield but the study suggest cultivation of BINA mung-5 at 35 kg ha^-1 seeding rate under strip tillage system that will give not only the optimum seed yield but also provide good weed suppression.

Methodology:

The study was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from March to June 2013. The experimental site is located at 24^o75´ N latitude and 90^o50´ E longitude in the south-west part of Brahmaputra at an elevation of 18 m above the sea level. This site belongs to non-calcareous dark grey floodplain soil under the agro-ecological zone Old Brahmaputra Floodplain “AEZ-9” (UNDP and FAO, 1988). The experimental field was a well drained medium high land with silt loam soil texture having a pH value of 6.8. The organic matter content of the experimental field was 1.3% having particle density 2.60, soil density 1.35% and soil porosity 46.67%. The climate of the experimental site is under the subtropical region characterized by high temperature, high relatively humidity and heavy rainfall with occasional gusty winds during the experimental period (April to September). The maximum temperature was 33.1^oC recorded in the month of June and the minimum temperature was 22.5oC recorded in April during 2013. The highest rainfall was recorded in the month of July (338.8 mm). In the study, three (03) most promising mungbean varieties viz. BARI mung-6, BINA mung-5 and BINA mung-8 were evaluated against five (05) seed rates (20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 kg ha^-1) in a split-plot design with three replications allocating variety in the main plot and seed rate in the sub-plots. Seeds of three mungbean varieties were sown in the experimental field by a two wheel tractor machine named versatile multi-crop planter (VMP) maintaining the seed rates as per experimental specification. Before one week of sowing the seeds, the pre-planting herbicide Roundup (glyphosate) was applied in the whole field @ 75 mL/ 10 L water. Seeds of mungbean were inoculated by Rhizobial bio-fertilizer @ 100 g kg^-1 of seeds just before sowing. Di-ammonium phosphate (DAP) and muriate of potash (MP) were applied to supply of phosphorus and potassium @ 80 and 40 Kg ha^-1, respectively. All fertilizers were applied at the time of seed sowing on 27 March 2013 with the help of VMP. This machine placed the seeds at about 3-4 cm depth of soil by maintaining 30 cm row to row distance. Pesticides were applied to control shoot and fruit borer and yellow mosaic of mungbean. A heavy rainfall occurred during the growing period and the excess water was drained out from the field. Number of weed population was counted from randomly selected 2 spots of 1 m² area. After counting, weeds were cut at the ground level, cleaned with fresh water and dried in oven at 60⁰C for 72 hours. At maturity, pods were harvested from 02 June to 23 June 2013. Matured pods were collected by picking from central 1 m² area of each experimental plot. The data on number of plants m-², plant height, total number of pods plant^-1, pod length, number of seeds pod-¹were recorded from randomly selected five plants from outside of the harvested area.

Source of Information: J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 14(1): 49–56, 2016

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The study results concluded that the performance of BINA mung-5 was the best as it provided the highest plant population and the highest weed control by machine seeding at 40 kg ha^-1seed rate. The highest seed yield was obtained from BINA mung-5 at 35 kg ha-¹ seed rate but the highest stover yield was achieved from 40 kg ha-¹ seed rate. In case of BARI mung-6 and BINA mung-8, 35 kg ha^-1 seed rate also gave higher seed yield and 40 kg ha^-1seed rate produced higher stover yield than the other seed rates. However, the study results found machine seeding effective under strip tillage system that could enhance mungbean yield if 35- 40 kg ha^-1 seed rate is ensured and successful weed suppression can be possible if BINA mung-5 or BINA mung-8 is grown.

Knowledge Management: Journal