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Genetic Diversity in Aus Rice (oryza Sativa L.) Genotypes of Bangladesh

N. Akter
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

H. Begum
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

M. Z. Islam
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

M. A. Siddique
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

M. Khalequzzaman
Genetic Resources and Seed Division, Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Genetic diversity in 31 traditional Bangladeshi Aus rice genotypes were studied under transplanted condition through Mahalanobis D2 statistic for grain yield and yield contributing characters. The genotypes were grouped into five clusters. The inter-cluster distances were higher than intra-cluster distances indicating wider genetic diversity among the genotypes of different clusters. The intra- cluster distances were lower in all the cases reflecting homogeneity of the genotypes within the clusters. The cluster II contained the highest number of genotypes (08) and the cluster I and III contained the lowest (05). The highest intra-cluster distance was noticed for the cluster II and the lowest for cluster IV. The highest inter-cluster distance was observed between cluster II and V followed by cluster III and V, cluster I and V and the lowest between cluster I and III. Regarding inter-cluster distance, the genotypes of cluster V showed high genetic distance from all other clusters. The genotypes from cluster V could be hybridized with the genotypes of other characters of other clusters for producing transgressive segregant. The highest cluster means for yield, effective tiller number and grain length, were obtained from cluster I; whereas the lowest mean value for yield, culm length, plant height and grain breadth were found in cluster II. Therefore, genotypes under cluster I, cluster II and cluster V might be selected for future breeding program as parents for crossing to produce new recombinants with desired traits.

Keywords: Genetic diversity, D2 analysis, Cluster analysis, Rice (Oryza sativa L).

Location: Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur

Start Date:

End Date:

Program Area: Variety and Species

Commodity: Rice

Objectives:

The present study was focused to assess the extent of genetic diversity in 31 traditional aus rice varieties. This will help classify those into clusters to select varieties as prospective parents to develop transgressive segregant.

Methodology:

A total of thirty one rice genotypes collected from the genebank of Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur were grown in transplanted condition (Aus) in 2015. The trial was conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Twenty days-old seedlings from each entry were transplanted using single seedling per hill in 2.4 m² plot following 25 cm and 20 cm space between rows and plants, respectively. Fertilizers were applied @ 60:20:40: 12 kg N, P, K and S per hectare (BRRI, 2015). All the fertilizers except N were applied at final land preparation. Nitrogen was applied in three equal splits, at 15 days after transplanting (DAT), at 35 DAT and just before flowering. Intercultural operations and pest control measures were done as and when necessary. At maturity, grain yield (g/hill) was taken and adjusted at 14% moisture level. Ten plants from each entry were randomly selected for recording data on Flag leaf length (cm), Flag leaf width (cm), Plant height (cm), Days to flowering, Days to maturity, Panicle length (cm), Effective tiller (no.), Filled grains per panicle (no.), Unfilled grains per panicle (no.), Grain length (mm), Grain breadth (mm), Length-breath ratio, 1000 grain weight (g) and Yield/hill (g). The data were analyzed following principal component analysis (PCA) and Mahalanobis's (1936) generalized distance (D2) extended by Rao (1952). Intra and inter cluster distances were calculated by the methods of Singh and Chaudhury (1985). All statistical analyses were carried out using Genstat 5.5.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 43(2): 253-266, June 2018 ISSN 0258-7122 (Print), 2408-8293 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

It is assumed that, the maximum amount of heterosis will be exhibited in cross combinations involving the parents that belong to most divergent clusters. However, for a practical plant breeder, the objective is not only high heterosis but also to achieve high level of yield and reducing the life duration. In the present study the maximum distances existed between cluster II and V. However, considering the cluster means and inter-cluster distances crosses between the genotypes of cluster I and cluster II, cluster I and cluster V would exhibit high heterosis as well as higher level of yield potential. So, based on this result, the genotypes under cluster I, cluster II and cluster V might be selected for future breeding programme.

Knowledge Management: Journal