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Postharvest Loss Assessment of Rice at Selected Areas of Gazipur District

B C Nath
Farm Machinery and Postharvest Technology Division, BRRI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M A Hossen
Farm Machinery and Postharvest Technology Division, BRRI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

A K M S Islam
Farm Machinery and Postharvest Technology Division, BRRI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M D Huda
Farm Machinery and Postharvest Technology Division, BRRI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

S Paul
Farm Machinery and Postharvest Technology Division, BRRI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

M A Rahman
Farm Machinery and Postharvest Technology Division, BRRI, Gazipur, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Mechanical intervention in rice (Oryza sativa L.) postharvest operation especially harvesting, threshing and carrying is increasing due to shifting labour from agriculture to non-agricultural sector. It was hypothesized that mechanical intervention in rice postharvest operation will increase the postharvest losses. A two-year study (2008-2010) was conducted during Aus, Aman and Boro seasons in six locations of sadar upazila at Gazipur district to test the hypothesis. The widely used varieties of BR11, BR23, BR26, BR27, BRRI dhan28, BRRI dhan29 were used to assess the losses during harvesting to drying. In the study areas, farmer’s common practices (harvesting paddy by sickle; transportation by head, shoulder and power tiller operated trolley; threshing by open drum and close drum thresher; cleaning by traditional cleaning device kula and winnower and sun drying) were used to assess the postharvest losses. The average postharvest losses from harvesting to drying recorded 10% in three rice growing seasons. Losses due to mechanical threshing and traditional sun drying were 3.16% and 3.14% respectively. Power tiller operated trolley showed the lowest carrying loss compared to shoulder and head carrying methods. Both kula and winnower were observed as the most appropriate method of grain cleaning. Mechanical intervention in threshing increased the losses, whereas decreased in transportation and winnowing. These data might be used for policy makers to assess the national food grain loss and for researchers to design and development new technology to reduce the postharvest loss. The study should be continued to other regions for consistent results.

Keywords: Mechanical intervention, Harvesting, Carrying, Threshing, Drying

Location: Gazipur District, Bangladesh

Start Date: 00-00-2008

End Date: 00-00-2010

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Harvester

Objectives:

To determine the Postharvest Loss Assessment of Rice at Selected Areas of Gazipur District

Methodology:

Considering easy access from BRRI headquarters and to secure farmers’ cooperation, six blocks of Gazipur sadar upazila in Gazipur district were selected to assess the post harvest losses of rice in 2008- 2010 seasons. The detailed information of seasons and varieties in six locations. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design. Six postharvest operations were considered (harvesting- sickle; transportation- head, shoulder and power tiller operated trolley; threshing- open drum and close drum thresher; cleaning- traditional cleaning device kula and winnower and drying-sun) in this study. The method(s) in each operation were replicated three times. Existing farmers’ practices were taken in consideration to determine the postharvest losses including selection of crops maturity date; harvesting process, threshing methods and drying practices in each stage. The method and procedures in this study were followed as mentioned by Jose et al., (1985). The describes field techniques and laboratory procedure for determination of postharvest losses of rice. The grain samples and raw data were collected from the field and analyzed in the research laboratory, FMPHT division, BRRI. The collected samples were cleaned, weighed and recorded the moisture content. Filled and unfilled grains were counted manually and weights were adjusted to 14% moisture content (wet basis). According to Jose et al. (1985), the sample of 50 m² area was harvested by sickle; stacking on canvas; bundled by rope; transported by head/shoulder/trolley; threshed by ODT/ CDT to get the grain weight as yield. The loss was calculated on the basis of grain weight expressed as average and percentage. Pre-testing was done before the final test in order to minimize the error in each methods and seasons.

Source of Information: Bangladesh Rice J. 20 (1) : 23-32, 2016

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Data were analyzed according to Gomez and Gomez (1984) using statistical software Statistix 10 programme. Means were compared with least significant difference (LSD) test.

Knowledge Management: Journal