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Development of Alternate Cropping Pattern Mustard - Boro –t.aman Against Fallow - Boro- T. Aman in Kushtia Region

M. S. Rahman
Senior Scientific Officer
(Agricultural Economics), Regional Agricultural Research Station, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Jashore,

M. T. Islam
Scientific Officer
Pomology Division, Horticulture Research Centre, BARI, Gazipur.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The experiment was conducted at Kushtia Sadar, Bheramara and Gangni Multi Location Testing (MLT) sites under On-Farm Research Division (OFRD), BARI, Kushtia (AEZ 11) during the last week of July to second week of May for three consecutive years (2013- 14, 2014-15 and 2015-16) to develop alternate cropping pattern (Mustard-Boro -T.Aman) and to compare its productivity and profitability against farmer’s existing cropping pattern (Fallow- Boro-T.Aman). The mustard (var: BARI Sarisha-14), Boro rice (var: BRRI dhan28) and T.Aman (var: Binadhan-7) were used in alternate cropping pattern, while BRRI dhan28 for Boro rice and BRRI dhan39/Sorna for T.Aman rice were used in the existing cropping pattern. Findings revealed that the mean crop duration of alternate cropping pattern ranged 269-287 days by inclusion of mustard. Rice equvalent yield of alternate cropping pattern was 13.98 t ha^-1 year^{- 1} which was 34% higher than that of existing pattern (10.47 t ha^-1 year^-1). Land use efficiency (76.44%) and labour employment (441 mandays ha^-1 year^-1) of alternate cropping pattern were 33 and 26%, higher, respectively than those of existing cropping pattern. The mean gross return (Tk. 2,53,960 ha^-1) and gross margin (Tk. 99,513/ha) of alternate cropping pattern were 29 and 32%, respectively higher compared to those of existing cropping pattern (Gross return: Tk. 1,97,346 ha-1 and Gross margin: Tk. 75,340 ha^-1) due to inclusion of high yielding variety of mustard. Therefore, farmers in Kushtia region of Bangladesh could follow alternate cropping pattern in their high and medium high land where lands remain fallow after harvesting of T. Aman rice for higher crop productivity and profitability.

Keywords: Grain yield, Production efficiency, Rice equvalent yield, Profitability

Location: Kushtia Sadar, Bheramara and Gangni Multi Location Testing (MLT) sites under On-Farm Research Division (OFRD), BARI, Kushtia (AEZ 11)

Start Date: 00-07-2013

End Date: 00-05-2016

Program Area: Farming System

Non-commodity: Cropping pattern

Objectives:

The present study was, therefore, undertaken to develop Mustard-Boro -T.Aman rice cropping pattern and to compare its productivity and profitability against farmer’s existing cropping pattern Fallow - Boro-T.Aman rice; and to determine the land use efficiency, production efficiency and labour employment generation of alternate and existing cropping pattern.

Methodology:

The experiment was conducted at Kushtia Sadar, Bheramara and Gangni Multi Location Testing (MLT) sites under On-Farm Research Division (OFRD), BARI, Kushtia (AEZ 11) during the last week of July, 2013 to second week of May, 2016 at farmers’ field condition. The experiment was laid out in block approach where two blocks were used. Unit block size was one hectare per pattern. There were seven dispersed replications with two treatments i.e., alternate cropping pattern (Mustard-Boro-T.Aman) and farmer’s existing cropping pattern (Fallow- Boro-T.Aman). In the alternate cropping pattern (ACP), the variety BARI Sarisha-14 for mustard, BRRI dhan28 for Boro rice and Binadhan-7 for T.Aman rice was cultivated. While, in the existing cropping pattern (ECP), the variety BRRI dhan28 for Boro rice was used in all sites but in T.Aman rice BRRI dhan39 and Sorna rice varieties were used at Bheramara, and Kushtia Sadar and Gangni, respectively. The trial was started by T.Aman rice cultivation. Because lands remain fallow after harvesting of Boro rice which help to plan three crops in a piece of land in a year. Fertilizer management and intercultural operations like weeding, mulching, irrigation and pest management were done according to Mondal et al. (2011) and BRRI (2013). Transplanting was done with 27-28 days old seedling of rice var. Binadhan-7 for alternate cropping pattern and BRRI dhan39 and Sorna for existing cropping pattern at a spacing 20 cm x 15 cm during 21-29 July for ACP and 05-10 August for ECP. T.Aman rice was harvested during 27 October- 02 November for ACP and 16-22 November for ECP in three consecutive years. Mustard (var: BARI Sarisha-14) seed was sown in broadcasting method during 30 October - 6 November and harvested during 25 January -2 February in ACP. Mustard seed was sown in broadcasting method due to minimize labour cost of farmers. Boro rice seedling was transplanted with spacing 20 cm x 15 cm during 28 January – 7 February for ACP and 20 January -5 February for ECP. Seedling ages were 40-45 and 42-48 days old for ACP and ECP, respectively. Boro rice was harvested during 01-13 May in ACP and 06-20 May in ECP. In Boro and T.Aman rice, stem borer and sheath blight was observed in some plots. Folicur @ 0.5 ml/L was sprayed to control sheath blight and Virtako 40 WG @1.5g/10 L for stem borer. In Mustard, Rovral-50 wp @ 2 g/L was sprayed at early stage for controlling alternaria blight disease. All field operations and management practices of both alternate and existing cropping patterns were closely monitored and the data were recorded for observing agro-economic performance. The yield data of product and by-product were recorded. Grain/seed and straw yields of all rice and mustard as well as price data of inputs and outputs were taken timely.
Agronomic performance viz., land use efficiency, production efficiency and rice equivalent yield of cropping patterns were calculated.

Rice equivalent yield: For comparison between cropping patterns, the yield of all crops was converted into rice equivalent yield (REY) on the basis of prevailing market price of individual crop (Verma and Modgal, 1983).

Rice equivalent yield (t ha^-1) = Yield of individual crop × Market price of that crop/Market price of rice

Profitability analysis: The economic indices like total variable cost and gross return were also calculated on the basis of prevailing market price of the produces. For economic evaluation of two tested cropping patterns, average data of three crop cycles were used. Gross return was calculated on the basis of taka per hectare of product and by-product. Total variable cost of different crops was calculated on the basis of taka per hectare of different operations performed and materials used for raising the crops.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(1): 69-78, March 2019 ISSN 0258-7122 (Print), 2408-8293 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The total crop productivity (in terms of REY), land use efficiency, labour employment, and profitability of alternate cropping pattern [Mustard (Var:BARISarisha-14) - Boro rice (Var:BRRI dhan28) - T.Aman rice (Var:Binadhan-7)] were much higher than that of existing cropping pattern [Fallow – Boro (Var:BRRIdhan28) - T.Aman rice (Var:BRRI dhan39)] due to inclusion of HYV short duration mustard. Thus, mustard can be successfully accommodated in the existing cropping pattern which increased cropping intensity and system productivity with reasonable profitability. This ACP could be demonstrated to exhibited areas in the high and medium high land of Kushtia region in Bangladesh with the collaboration of DAE and BARI.

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