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Efficacy of Different Substrates to Formulate Trichoderma Harzianum Against Seedling Disease of Cabbage

M. I. Faruk
Senior Scientific Officer
Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Joydebpur, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh.

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Efficacy of three different substrates viz. rice bran, wheat bran, grass pea bran and their combination along with or without Mustard oilcake (MOC) were tested to formulate Trichoderma harzianum based bio-fungicides for the management of seedling disease (Fusarium oxysporum) of cabbage in seedbed. All combinations of substrates were equally suitable for mass culturing and preparing of T. harzianum bio-fungicides and all the substrates-based T. harzianum bio-fungicides were effective in increasing seedling emergence and reducing pre-emergence and post-emergence mortality of cabbage seedling under F. oxysporum inoculated seedbed soils. The shoot length, shoot weight, root length and root weight of cabbage seedling were enhanced significantly by the application of different substrates-based T. harzianum bio-fungicides under F. oxysporum inoculated soil under seedbed conditions. The individual (rice bran, wheat bran, grasspea bran) and combination of substrates (rice bran + wheat bran, rice bran + grasspea bran, rice bran + Mustard oilcake, rice bran + wheat bran + MOC and wheat bran + grass pea bran + MOC) were equally suitable to formulate effective T. harzianum based bio-fungicides for the management of foot and root rot disease of cabbage seedling in seed bed condition.

Keywords: Rice bran, Wheat bran, Grasspea bran, Mustard oilcake, Trichoderma harzianum, Fusarium oxysporum, Cabbage

Location: In seedbed of Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARl), Gazipur

Start Date: 00-00-2011

End Date: 00-00-2014

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Diseases, Cabbage

Objectives:

The present study was undertaken to find out the effective local substrates to formulate the suitable medium for mass culturing of T. harzianum to be used as effective bio-fungicides against F. oxysporum causing seedling disease of cabbage under seedbed condition.

Methodology:

Efficacy of three organic substrates viz. rice bran, wheat bran, grasspea bran and their combinations mixed with or without Mustard oilcake (MOC) was evaluated to formulate T. harzianum based bio-fungicides for the management of foot and root rot disease of cabbage caused by F. oxysporum. The experiment was conducted in seedbed of Plant Pathology Division, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARl), Gazipur during three consecutive years from 2011-12 to 2013-14. The seedbed was inoculated with the fungal isolate F. oxysporum multiplied on the barley grains @ 100g/m² soil. The pathogen was allowed to colonize the soil in seedbed for 10 days. A pure culture of T. harzianum (TM7) isolated from the native soil was grown in potato dextrose agar (PDA) medium which was used as inocula for preparation of bio-fungicides. The treatments substrate in the experiment were T1= Rice bran, T2= Wheat bran, T3= Grasspea bran, T4= Rice bran + Wheat bran (1:1), T5=Rice bran + Grasspea bran (1:1), T6= Rice bran + Mustard oilcake (1:1), T7= Rice bran + Wheat bran + MOC (1:1:1), T8= Rice bran + Grasspea bran + MOC (1:1:1), T9= Wheat bran + Grasspea bran + MOC (1:1:1), T10= Rice bran + Wheat bran + Grasspea bran+ MOC(1:1:1:1), T11=Seed treatment with Provax and T12= Control. According to the treatment combinations 600 g of individual or combination of substrate materials were taken separately in 1000 ml Erlenmeyer flask. The flask with substrate materials were sterilized in an autoclave at 121⁰C for 15 minutes and cooled down to make it ready for inoculation. The sterilized substrate was inoculated individually with 5 mm diameter mycelia disc of five-day old culture of T. harzianum grown on PDA and then incubated at room temperature (25±2 ⁰C) for 15 days. After incubation the colonized substrates were removed from the flasks, air dried and finally preserved in refrigerator at 10 ⁰C. The inoculum of T. harzianum, colonized on different substrates, were incorporated to the previously F. oxysporum inoculated seedbed soils @ 100 g/m² soil and kept for 7 days maintaining proper soil moisture to establish T. harzianum in the soils. The control bed did not receive any colonized substrate of T. harzianum except the inoculum of F. oxysporum. The seeds of cabbage variety Atlas were sown in the seedbed @ 200 seeds per treatment. The initial germination in blotter test of the seeds was 99%. The percent emergence of the seedling was calculated on the basis of initial germination status of the seeds. The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. Proper weeding, irrigation and intercultural operations were done to raise cabbage seedlings in the seedbed. Data were collected on seedling emergence after 15 days of seed sowing. Similarly, seedling mortality was recorded at an interval of 7 days starting from seedling emergence and it was continued up to 35 days of seedling age. The height and weight of shoot and length and weight of root of tomato seedlings were recorded at 35 days of seedling age. The percent data were converted into arcsine transformation values before statistical analysis. Data were analyzed statistically by using the MSTATC program. The treatment effects were compared by applying the least significant different (LSD) test at P=0.05 level.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(1): 127-138, March 2019 ISSN 0258-7122 (Print), 2408-8293 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Results of the present experiment revealed that biological control agent T. harzianum multiplied on different substrates materials viz. rice bran, wheat bran, grasspea bran used alone or in different combinations mixed with or without MOC were effective against foot and root disease of cabbage caused by F. oxysporum under seedbed condition. The bio-fungicides achieved satisfactory increase in seed germination, decrease pre- and post-emergence seedling mortality and also enhance growth of cabbage seedling.

Knowledge Management: Journal