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Evaluation of Jackfruit Germplasm for Yield and Yield Contributing Characters

M. Z. Rahman
Senior Scientific Officer
Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701

M. R. Karim
Scientific Officer
HRC, BARI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. A. Haque
Scientific Officer
HRC, BARI, Gazipur-1701, Bangladesh

M. J. Rahman
Senior Scientific Officer
Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Gazipur-1701

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

Twenty germplasm of jackfruit grown in the Fruit Research Farm of Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) were evaluated for growth, yield and yield parameter along with qualitative characters from July 2012 to June 2015. All the germplasm varied for most of the parameters evaluated. The tallest plant was recorded in AH Joy-079(6.75m) and shortest plant in AH Joy-075 (3.50 m) among the germplasm. Base girth ranged from 42.50 cm to 80.20 cm in AH Joy-075 and AH Joy-085, respectively. Maximum plant spreading with North-South and East-West canopy (5.50 m and 6.00 m, respectively) was recorded in AH Joy- 079 and minimum (3.00 m and 3.50m) in both AH Joy-075 and AH Joy-090 germplasm. The fruit number varied from 02 to 11 among the germplasm. Individual fruit weight ranged from 2.27 kg to 11.33 kg where AH Joy-034 had the lowest and AH Joy-092 noted the highest fruit weight. Maximum bulb (184) was recorded in AH Joy-092 and minimum (45) in AH Joy-085. Maximum TSS (25.0) was recorded in AH Joy-029 and minimum (14.0) in AH Joy-067 and the edible portion was noted the highest in AH Joy-036 (48.60%) where it was lowest in AH Joy-078 (32.10%). Bulb texture was soft to hard. Maximum germplasm was juicy to medium juicy having yellow to light yellow Pulp. Therefore, the germplasm AH Joy-089, AH Joy-017 and AH Joy-092 may be selected for higher yielder. The germplasm AH Joy-034, AH Joy-067, AH Joy- 078, AH Joy-085 and AH Joy-098 should be selected for family size jackfruit as their individual fruit weight ranges between 2 to 4 kg including yellow bulb colour containing good juiciness and soft bulb texture.

Keywords: Jackfruit, Qualitative characters, Quantitative characters, Family size fruit, Yield

Location: Fruit Research Farm of Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI)

Start Date: 00-06-2012

End Date: 00-06-2015

Program Area: Socio-economic and Policy

Non-commodity: Performance

Objectives:

The study was therefore, carried out to find out suitable line(s) for the development of a variety.

Methodology:

The study was conducted at the Fruit Research Farm of Horticulture Research Centre (HRC), Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) during June 2012–June 2015 at Gazipur (24°06´N; 90° 21´E), Bangladesh. Earlier a survey was carried out in the central region of Bangladesh using questionnaire developed as per descriptor of jackfruit published by International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI, 2000). Fruits of 20 germplasm were collected and five fruits from each accession were analyzed in the laboratory to study the fruit characteristics. Seedlings of each accession were planted following single row plantation in the Fruit Research Farm of HRC on 01 July 2001. The age of plants was 10 years at the time of study. Subsequently three fruiting years of each accession are included under this study. The climate of the experimental area was under subtropical zone which was characterized by high temperature and high rain during April to November and little or no rain during October to march. The soil of the experimental site was clay loam belonging to the Modhupur tract under Agro Ecological Zone 28 (Ahmed et al., 2016). Planting distance was maintained 6 m x 3 m. A fertilizer dose of 300g Urea, 300g TSP, 250g MOP and 20 kg cow dung per plant and subsequent irrigation were applied on August 2012 after harvesting of fruits. The experimental plot was ploughed with power tiller just before applying fertilizer. Weeding was performed in the month March and April 2013. Unwanted branches were pruned off in September 2012. Data on plant height, base girth, canopy spreading (north-south and east-west spread), number of fruits per plant, fruit length and diameter, spine number per 5 square cm, rind weight, rachis weight, bulb length and width, TSS, number of bulb and edible portion were recorded and analyzed statistically. Tree volume was calculated using the formula of Westwood et al. (1963), i.e., tree volume (m³) = 4/3πa2b, where a= average of east-west and north-south spread, b=half of plant height and π (constant) =3.14.

Source of Information: Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 44(1): 167-177, March 2019 ISSN 0258-7122 (Print), 2408-8293 (Online)

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

Evaluation of available jackfruit germplasm helps to developnew varieties. Keeping this view in mind, the evaluation can be concluded with the selection of AH Joy-089, AH Joy-017 and AH Joy-092 for top yielder but AH Joy-034,AH Joy-067, AH Joy-078,AH Joy-085 and AH Joy-098 germplasm should be selected for the family size fruits.

Knowledge Management: Journal