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Effect of Nitrobenzene on Growth and Yield of Boro Rice

B Chowdhury
Department of Agricultural Botany, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh

MHK Howlader
Department of Agricultural Botany, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh

MK Hossain
Department of Soil Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali-8602, Bangladesh

MC Sikder
Department of Agricultural Botany, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh

MM Hasan
Department of Agricultural Botany, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh

Abstract/ Executive Summary:

The present experiment was conducted at the research field of Patuakhali Science and Technology University (PSTU), Patuakhali during the period from December 2013 to March 2014 to evaluate the effect of Nitrobenzene as plant growth regulators on growth and yield parameters of Boro Rice. It also observed the comparative growth and yield performance of foliar application Nitrobenzene ( 0, 1.0, 3.0 and 5.0 ml L^–1). Data were collected on Plant height; number of leaves plant^–1; number of total, effective and non–effective tillers hill^–1; leaf area (LA); leaf area index (LAI); total dry matter (TDM); Crop and relative growth rate (CGR and RGR); and Yield and yield contributing characters such as length of root; length of panicle; number of total, sterile and non–sterile spikelets panicle^–1; 1000–grain weight; grain, straw and biological yield and harvest index (HI). The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized block design (RCBD) with three replications. The collected data were analyzed statistically and means were adjudged by DMRT at 5% level of probability. The treatments Nitrobenzene @ 3.0 ml L^–1 as foliar application gave the highest performance in respect of plant height (90.39 cm), LAI (3.514), TDM (19.17 g plant^–1), effective tiller (20.33 hill^–1), total tillers (22.73 hill^–1), panicle length (26.01 cm),non sterile spikelets (134.70 panicle^–1), total spikelets (155.80 panicle^–1), 1000–grain weight (28.21 g), grain yield (5.86 t ha^–1), straw yield (8.44 t ha^–1), biological yield (14.29 t ha^–1) and HI (41.00%) of boro rice.

Keywords: Nitrobenzene, Growth, Yield, Boro rice

Location: Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali

Start Date: 00-12-2013

End Date: 00-05-2014

Program Area: Crop-Soil-Water Management

Commodity: Fertilizer, Rice

Objectives:

To investigate the effect of nitrobenzene as plant growth regulators on growth and yield parameters of boro Rice.

Methodology:

An experiment was conducted at the research farm of Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali during the period from December, 2013 to May, 2014. The research farm is located at 22⁰37 N latitude and 89⁰10 E longitudes. The maximum area is covered by Gangetic Tidal Floodplains and falls under Agroecological Zone “AEZ– 13”. The area lies at 0.9 to 2.1 meter above mean sea level (Iftekhar and Islam, 2004). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Four different concentrations of Nitrobenzene” (nitrobenzene 20%w/w) as a plant growth regulator as foliar application was used for the present study as level T₁: Control (without Nitrobenzene), T₂: 1.0 ml Nitrobenzene L^–1, T₃: 3.0 ml Nitrobenzene L^–1 and T₄: 5.0 ml Nitrobenzene L^–1. Preparation of one liter liquid nitrobenzene as par treatments, 0, 1, 3 and 5 ml nitrobenzene were dissolved in 1 litre distilled water and making 0, 1, 3 and 5 ml L^–1 nitrobenzene solution. Prepared nitrobenzene treatments were sprayed at 3 times from 20 days after transplanting (DAT) while recommended dose of NPK fertilizers were used as basal soil application according to Fertilizer Recommendation Guide (FRG, 2012). All fertilizers were applied to the respective plots during land preparation. The applied fertilizers were mixed properly with the soil in the plot using a spade. The seedling of boro rice was transplanted in the research field on January 09, 2014. The distances between row to row and plant to plant were 20 and 15 cm, respectively. Gap filling was made up to 7 days after transplanting to maintain proper treatment and similar plant population density for every plot. Morphological characters such as Plant height, total tiller, effective and non–effective tillers hill^–1, leaf area index (LAI), total dry matter (TDM), Crop and relative growth rate (CGR and RGR), Yield and yield contributing characters such as length of panicle, number of total, sterile and non–sterile spikelets panicle^–1; 1000–grain weight, grain yield, straw yield, biological yield and harvest index (HI) were recorded. The crop growth rate values at different growth stages were calculated using the following formula:- Leaf area index (LAI) = LA/P; Crop Growth Rate (CGR) = 1/GA x W₂-W₁g m^-2 day^-1/T₂-T₁; Leaf area = Length of leaf (cm) x Width of leaf (cm); Biological yield= Grain yield + Straw yield; Harvest index (%) Grain Yield /Biological yield x 100. Where, LA = leaf area (cm²), P = ground area, W₁= Total dry matter production at previous sampling date, W₂= Total dry matter production at current sampling date, T₁= Date of previous sampling, T₂= Date of current sampling, GA= Ground area (m²), Log_e= Natural logarithm. The data obtained from experiment on various parameters were statistically analyzed in MSTAT–C computer program (Russel, 1986). The mean values for all the parameters were calculate and the analysis of variance for the characters was accomplished by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) and the significance of difference between pair of means was tested by the Least Significant Differences (LSD) test at 5 % levels of probability (Gomez and Gomez, 1984).

Source of Information: Progressive Agriculture 29 (4): 304-312, 2018

Article Link (Online Journal):

Funding Source:

1.

Budget:

Total Budget (Tk.) :

Achievement/Findings:

The result indicated that the increasing nitrobenzene rates had advantageous effect on plant growth and yield parameters. Different spraying rates of nitrobenzene enhance the morpho-plogical and also significantly increased growth, yield components and grain and straw yields of boro rice. So, considering the above observation, 3.0 ml L^–1 nitrobenzene (T₃) spraying rates of nitrobenzene was significantly affected on morpho- physiological and yield attributes characters, which produced the superior result compare with other rates of nitrobenzene. Among the treatment, three milliliter of nitrobenzene per liter of water showed optimum levels to ensure the growth and yield performance of boro rice.

Knowledge Management: Journal